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  • Depending on the predominant phase or phases in their microstructure, titanium alloys are categorized as alpha, alpha-beta, and beta. This natural grouping not only reflects basic titanium production metallurgy, but it also indicates general properties specific for each type. The alpha phase in pure titanium is characterized by a hexagonal close-packed crystalline structure that remains stable from room temperature to approximately 881°C. The beta phase in pure titanium has a body-centered cubic structure, and it is stable from approximately 881° C to the melting point of approx. 1668°C. Adding alloying elements to titanium provides a wide range of physical and mechanical properties. Certain alloying additions, notably aluminum, tend to stabilize the alpha phase; that is, they raise the temperature at which the alloy will be transformed completely to the beta phase. This temperature is known as the beta-transus temperature. Alloying additions, such as chromium, niobium, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tantalum, and vanadium, stabilize the beta phase by lowering the temperature of transformation from alpha to beta. Some elements, notably tin and zirconium, behave as neutral solutes in titanium and have little effect on the transformation temperature, acting instead as strengtheners of the alpha phase. Titanium and its alloys may be used for structural applications also at increased temperatures. Temperatures of usage are lower than those of structural steels. Machinery used for forming of titanium is basically similar to that used at processing of steel. For achievement of the required properties of the formed products it is necessary to ensure optimal handling of semi-finished product, use machinery with higher deformation force, optimise conditions of heating and minimise contamination of metal during it hot forming.
  • Depending on the predominant phase or phases in their microstructure, titanium alloys are categorized as alpha, alpha-beta, and beta. This natural grouping not only reflects basic titanium production metallurgy, but it also indicates general properties specific for each type. The alpha phase in pure titanium is characterized by a hexagonal close-packed crystalline structure that remains stable from room temperature to approximately 881°C. The beta phase in pure titanium has a body-centered cubic structure, and it is stable from approximately 881° C to the melting point of approx. 1668°C. Adding alloying elements to titanium provides a wide range of physical and mechanical properties. Certain alloying additions, notably aluminum, tend to stabilize the alpha phase; that is, they raise the temperature at which the alloy will be transformed completely to the beta phase. This temperature is known as the beta-transus temperature. Alloying additions, such as chromium, niobium, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, tantalum, and vanadium, stabilize the beta phase by lowering the temperature of transformation from alpha to beta. Some elements, notably tin and zirconium, behave as neutral solutes in titanium and have little effect on the transformation temperature, acting instead as strengtheners of the alpha phase. Titanium and its alloys may be used for structural applications also at increased temperatures. Temperatures of usage are lower than those of structural steels. Machinery used for forming of titanium is basically similar to that used at processing of steel. For achievement of the required properties of the formed products it is necessary to ensure optimal handling of semi-finished product, use machinery with higher deformation force, optimise conditions of heating and minimise contamination of metal during it hot forming. (en)
Title
  • Processing of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Forming
  • Processing of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Forming (en)
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  • Processing of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Forming
  • Processing of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Forming (en)
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  • RIV/61989100:27360/11:86081161!RIV12-GA0-27360___
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  • P(GA106/09/1598), Z(MSM6198910013)
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  • 2
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  • RIV/61989100:27360/11:86081161
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  • hot forming; titanium alloys; titanium (en)
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  • CZ - Česká republika
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  • [4868B84A1BFD]
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  • 64
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  • Greger, Miroslav
  • Mašek, Váckav
http://linked.open...n/vavai/riv/zamer
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  • 0018-8069
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  • 27360
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