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Namespace Prefixes

PrefixIRI
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dctermshttp://purl.org/dc/terms/
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n16http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/dosage/
n15http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/mixture/
n17http://bio2rdf.org/drugbank:
n11http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB00027/identifier/wikipedia/
n9http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB00027/identifier/pharmgkb/
admshttp://www.w3.org/ns/adms#
n14http://wifo5-03.informatik.uni-mannheim.de/drugbank/resource/drugs/
rdfhttp://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
n18http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/medicinal-product/
owlhttp://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#
n3http://linked.opendata.cz/ontology/drugbank/
n8http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/property/
n12http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB00027/identifier/kegg-drug/
n7http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB00027/identifier/drugbank/
xsdhhttp://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
n5http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/atc/
n4http://linked.opendata.cz/ontology/sukl/drug/

Statements

Subject Item
n2:DB00027
rdf:type
n3:Drug
n3:description
Gramcidin D is a heterogeneous mixture of three antibiotic compounds, gramicidins A, B and C, making up 80%, 6%, and 14% respectively all of which are obtained from the soil bacterial species Bacillus brevis and called collectively gramicidin D. Gramcidins are 15 residue peptides with alternating D and L amino acids. The peptides assemble inside of the hydrophobic interior of the cellular lipid bilayer to form a β-helix. The helix itself is not long enough to span the membrane but it dimerizes to form the elongated channel needed to span the whole membrane. Gramicidin D is used primarily as a topical antibiotic and is one of the three constituents of consumer antibiotic polysporin ophthalmic solution.
n3:dosage
n16:271B4046-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:generalReferences
# Ketchem RR, Lee KC, Huo S, Cross TA: Macromolecular structural elucidation with solid-state NMR-derived orientational constraints. J Biomol NMR. 1996 Jul;8(1):1-14. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8810522 # Townsley LE, Tucker WA, Sham S, Hinton JF: Structures of gramicidins A, B, and C incorporated into sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles. Biochemistry. 2001 Oct 2;40(39):11676-86. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11570868 # Burkhart BM, Gassman RM, Langs DA, Pangborn WA, Duax WL, Pletnev V: Gramicidin D conformation, dynamics and membrane ion transport. Biopolymers. 1999;51(2):129-44. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10397797
n3:group
approved
n3:indication
For treatment of skin lesions, surface wounds and eye infections
owl:sameAs
n14:DB00027 n17:DB00027
dcterms:title
Gramicidin D
adms:identifier
n7:DB00027 n9:PA449808 n11:Gramicidin_D n12:D04369
n3:mechanismOfAction
Gramicidin D binds to and inserts itself into bacterial membranes (with a strong preference to gram-positive cell membranes). This results in membrane disruption and permeabilization (it acts as a channel). This leads to (i) loss of intracellular solutes (e.g., K+ and amino acids); (ii) dissipation of the transmembrane potential; (iii) inhibition of respiration; (iv) a reduction in ATP pools; and (v) inhibition of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis, which leads to cell death.
n3:packager
n10:271B4041-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n10:271B4042-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n10:271B4040-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:synonym
Gramicidine Gramicidin C Gramicidin A Gramicidin B Gramicidin
n3:mixture
n15:271B403F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:synthesisReference
U.S.Patent 2,534,541.
n3:Molecular-Formula
n8:271B4049-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Molecular-Weight
n8:271B4048-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n4:hasATCCode
n5:R02AB30
n3:affectedOrganism
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Streptococcus agalactiae Klebsiella Streptococcus pneumoniae Staphylococcus aureus Haemophilus influenzae Pseudomonas aeruginosa Neisseria meningitidis Enterobacter Escherichia coli
n3:casRegistryNumber
1405-97-6
n3:category
n3:containedIn
n18:271B4045-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B4043-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B4044-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Melting-Point
n8:271B4047-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5