. . "illicit"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Dionine"@en . . "SID50113064"@en . . "Ethylmorphine"@en . . . . . "Ethylmorphine is an analgesic used for pain relief."@en . . . . "Ethylmorphine"@en . . "A narcotic analgesic and antitussive. It is metabolized in the liver by ethylmorphine-N-demethylase and used as an indicator of liver function. It is not marketed in the US but is approved for use in various countries around the world. In the US it is a schedule II drug (single-entity) and schedule III drug (in combination products)."@en . . . "SID144206163"@en . "76-58-4"@en . . "Ethyl morphine"@en . . . . . "# Aasmundstad TA, Xu BQ, Johansson I, Ripel A, Bjorneboe A, Christophersen AS, Bodd E, Morland J: Biotransformation and pharmacokinetics of ethylmorphine after a single oral dose. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1995 Jun;39(6):611-20. \"Pubmed\":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7654478 # Xu BQ, Aasmundstad TA, Lillekjendlie B, Bjorneboe A, Christophersen AS, Morland J: Effects of ethanol on ethylmorphine metabolism in isolated rat hepatocytes: characterization by means of a multicompartmental model. Pharmacol Toxicol. 1997 Apr;80(4):171-81. \"Pubmed\":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9140136"@en . . . "approved"@en . . . . " "@en . . "Ethylmorphine is metabolized by the liver enzyme cytochrome P450 2D6 to morphine. The precise mechanism of the analgesic action of morphine is unknown. However, specific CNS opiate receptors have been identified and likely play a role in the expression of analgesic effects. Morphine first acts on the mu-opioid receptors. The mechanism of respiratory depression involves a reduction in the responsiveness of the brain stem respiratory centers to increases in carbon dioxide tension and to electrical stimulation. It has been shown that morphine binds to and inhibits GABA inhibitory interneurons. These interneurons normally inhibit the descending pain inhibition pathway. So, without the inhibitory signals, pain modulation can proceed downstream."@en . "Humans and other mammals"@en . . . . . . .