. . . . . . . . . "Nifecor"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Nifedipine has been formulated as both a long- and short-acting 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It acts primarily on vascular smooth muscle cells by stabilizing voltage-gated L-type calcium channels in their inactive conformation. By inhibiting the influx of calcium in smooth muscle cells, nifedipine prevents calcium-dependent myocyte contraction and vasoconstriction. A second proposed mechanism for the drug\u2019s vasodilatory effects involves pH-dependent inhibition of calcium influx via inhibition of smooth muscle carbonic anhydrase. Nifedipine is used to treat hypertension and chronic stable angina."@en . . . . . . . . . . " "@en . "Grapefruit down-regulates post-translational expression of CYP3A4, the major metabolizing enzyme of nifedipine. Grapefruit, in all forms (e.g. whole fruit, juice and rind), can significantly increase serum levels of nifedipine and may cause toxicity. Avoid grapefruit products while on this medication. "@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Rapidly and fully absorbed following oral administration."@en . . . . . . . . . "Take with low fat meal."@en . . . . . . . . . . "# Brown MJ, Palmer CR, Castaigne A, de Leeuw PW, Mancia G, Rosenthal T, Ruilope LM: Morbidity and mortality in patients randomised to double-blind treatment with a long-acting calcium-channel blocker or diuretic in the International Nifedipine GITS study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT). Lancet. 2000 Jul 29;356(9227):366-72. \"Pubmed\":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10972368 # Poole-Wilson PA, Kirwan BA, Voko Z, de Brouwer S, van Dalen FJ, Lubsen J: Safety of nifedipine GITS in stable angina: the ACTION trial. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2006 Feb;20(1):45-54. \"Pubmed\":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16552473 # Odou P, Ferrari N, Barthelemy C, Brique S, Lhermitte M, Vincent A, Libersa C, Robert H: Grapefruit juice-nifedipine interaction: possible involvement of several mechanisms. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2005 Apr;30(2):153-8. \"Pubmed\":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15811168 # Grossman E, Messerli FH, Grodzicki T, Kowey P: Should a moratorium be placed on sublingual nifedipine capsules given for hypertensive emergencies and pseudoemergencies? JAMA. 1996 Oct 23-30;276(16):1328-31. \"Pubmed\":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8861992 # Takahashi D, Oyunzul L, Onoue S, Ito Y, Uchida S, Simsek R, Gunduz MG, Safak C, Yamada S: Structure-activity relationships of receptor binding of 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives. Biol Pharm Bull. 2008 Mar;31(3):473-9. \"Pubmed\":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18310913 # Varon J, Marik PE: Clinical review: the management of hypertensive crises. Crit Care. 2003 Oct;7(5):374-84. Epub 2003 Jul 16. \"Pubmed\":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12974970"@en . . . . "Procardia"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Adalat"@en . . . . . . "Hiroitsu Kawata, Tadayoshi Ohmura, Katsuhiko Yano, Mikio Matsumura, Saburo Higuchi, Yoshiaki Soeishi, \"Nifedipine-containing solid preparation composition.\" U.S. Patent US4412986, issued November, 1976."@en . "Avoid alcohol."@en . . "Nifecard"@en . . . . "92-98%"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Nifedipino"@en . . . . . . "Symptoms of overdose include dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, severe drop in blood pressure, slurred speech, and weakness. LD₅₀=494 mg/kg (orally in mice); LD₅₀=1022 mg/kg (orally in rats)"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Avoid natural licorice."@en . . . "approved"@en . . "Coracten"@en . "2 hours"@en . . . . . "Nifedipine decreases arterial smooth muscle contractility and subsequent vasoconstriction by inhibiting the influx of calcium ions through L-type calcium channels. Calcium ions entering the cell through these channels bind to calmodulin. Calcium-bound calmodulin then binds to and activates myosin light chain kinase (MLCK). Activated MLCK catalyzes the phosphorylation of the regulatory light chain subunit of myosin, a key step in muscle contraction. Signal amplification is achieved by calcium-induced calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum through ryanodine receptors. Inhibition of the initial influx of calcium inhibits the contractile processes of smooth muscle cells, causing dilation of the coronary and systemic arteries, increased oxygen delivery to the myocardial tissue, decreased total peripheral resistance, decreased systemic blood pressure, and decreased afterload. The vasodilatory effects of nifedipine result in an overall decrease in blood pressure. "@en . "Nifedipine is extensively metabolized to highly water-soluble, inactive metabolites accounting for 60 to 80% of the dose excreted in the urine. The remainder is excreted in the feces in metabolized form, most likely as a result of biliary excretion."@en . . "For the management of vasospastic angina, chronic stable angina, hypertension, and Raynaud's phenomenon. May be used as a first line agent for left ventricular hypertrophy and isolated systolic hypertension (long-acting agents). "@en . . . "Nifedipine"@en . "Nifedipinum"@en . "Adapine"@en . . "Nifedipres"@en . "21829-25-4"@en . . "Humans and other mammals"@en . "Nifedipine"@en . "4-(2'-Nitrophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridin-3,5-dicarbonsaeuredimethylester"@en . . . . . . . . . .