"Azelastine"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "58581-89-8"@en . . . . . . "* 0.5 L/h/kg [symptomatic patients]"@en . . . . . . . . . . " "@en . . . "* 14.5 L/kg"@en . . . "# Horak F: Effectiveness of twice daily azelastine nasal spray in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2008 Oct;4(5):1009-22. \"Pubmed\":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19209282 # Bernstein JA: Azelastine hydrochloride: a review of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy and tolerability. Curr Med Res Opin. 2007 Oct;23(10):2441-52. \"Pubmed\":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17723160"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Azelastine competes with histamine for the H1-receptor sites on effector cells and acts as an antagonist by inhibiting the release of histamine and other mediators involved in the allergic response. "@en . . . . . . . . . . "Humans and other mammals"@en . "Azelastina"@en . . . "4-(P-Chlorobenzyl)-2-(hexahydro-1-methyl-1H-azepin-4-yl)-1-(2H)-phthalazinone"@en . . "Approximately 75% of an oral dose of radiolabeled azelastine hydrochloride was excreted in the feces with less than 10% as unchanged azelastine. Azelastine hydrochloride is oxidatively metabolized to the principal metabolite, N-desmethylazelastine, by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system."@en . "approved"@en . . . "In-vitro studies in human plasma indicate that the plasma protein binding of azelastine and N-desmethylazelastine are approximately 88% and 97%, respectively."@en . " "@en . "Yutaka Morita, Noritoshi Koyama, Shigemitsu Ohsawa, \"Methods employing stable preparation containing azelastine hydrochloride.\" U.S. Patent US6117864, issued December, 1990."@en . "Azelastinum"@en . . . . . . . "Azelastine, a phthalazine derivative, is an antihistamine and mast cell stabilizer available as a nasal spray for hay fever and as eye drops for allergic conjunctivitis. Azelastine is also available as a combination product of azelastine hydrochloride and fluticasone propionate called Dymista\u2122. Dymista\u2122 is indicated in patient over 12 years old for symptomatic relief of seasonal allergic rhinitis."@en . "Absorption of azelastine following ocular administration was relatively low. Systemic bioavailability is approximately 40% after nasal administration."@en . . . . . . . "For the symptomatic treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis and non-allergic rhinitis, as well as symptomatic relief of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis."@en . "Elimination half-life (based on intravenous and oral administration) is 22 hours. Elimination half-life of the active metabolite, desmethylazelastine, is 54 hours (after oral administration of azelastine)."@en .