. . . . . . "Mycobacteria"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "INH"@en . . . "Do not take calcium, aluminum, magnesium or Iron supplements within 2 hours of taking this medication."@en . "Isoniazid"@en . . . "Isonicotinohydrazide"@en . "Fast acetylators: 0.5 to 1.6 hours. Slow acetylators: 2 to 5 hours."@en . "Isoniazid"@en . . . "Avoid alcohol."@en . . . . "Very low (0-10%)"@en . . . . "Isonicotinoylhydrazide"@en . "Increase dietary intake of magnesium, folate, vitamin B6, B12, and/or consider taking a multivitamin."@en . . . . . "Readily absorbed following oral administration; however, may undergo significant first pass metabolism. Absorption and bioavailability are reduced when isoniazid is administered with food."@en . . "Costin Rentzea, Albrecht Harreus, Eberhard Ammermann, Gisela Lorenz, \"Oxalyl hydrazide-hydroxamic acid derivatives, their preparation and their use as fungicides.\" U.S. Patent US5399589, issued November, 1969."@en . . . . . "Antibacterial agent used primarily as a tuberculostatic. It remains the treatment of choice for tuberculosis. [PubChem]"@en . . "Take on empty stomach: 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals."@en . "Pyridine-4-carboxylic acid hydrazide"@en . "Isonicotinic acid hydrazide"@en . "LD₅₀ 100 mg/kg (Human, oral). Adverse reactions include rash, abnormal liver function tests, hepatitis, peripheral neuropathy, mild central nervous system (CNS) effects. In vivo, Isoniazid reacts with pyridoxal to form a hydrazone, and thus inhibits generation of pyridoxal phosphate. Isoniazid also combines with pyridoxal phosphate; high doses interfere with the coenzyme function of the latter."@en . "54-85-3"@en . . . . . . . . " "@en . . . . . . . "For the treatment of all forms of tuberculosis in which organisms are susceptible."@en . . . . . "Mycobacterium tuberculosis"@en . . . . . . "Isoniazid is a prodrug and must be activated by bacterial catalase. Specficially, activation is associated with reduction of the mycobacterial ferric KatG catalase-peroxidase by hydrazine and reaction with oxygen to form an oxyferrous enzyme complex. Once activated, isoniazid inhibits the synthesis of mycoloic acids, an essential component of the bacterial cell wall. At therapeutic levels isoniazid is bacteriocidal against actively growing intracellular and extracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms. Specifically isoniazid inhibits InhA, the enoyl reductase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, by forming a covalent adduct with the NAD cofactor. It is the INH-NAD adduct that acts as a slow, tight-binding competitive inhibitor of InhA."@en . . . . . . . . . . . "approved"@en . . . . . . . . . . "Take with a full glass of water."@en . "Isonicotinylhydrazine"@en . . . "Isonicotinsaeurehydrazid"@en . . . . . . . . . . "4-pyridinecarbohydrazide"@en . "Isonicotinic hydrazide"@en . . . . . . "From 50 to 70 percent of a dose of isoniazid is excreted in the urine within 24 hours."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Avoid aged foods (cheese, red wine), pickled foods, cured foods (bacon/ham), chocolate, fava beans, beer, unless approved by your physician."@en . . . . . . . . . . . .