. . . "Mustine"@en . . " "@en . "Bis(beta-chloroethyl)methylamine"@en . . . . . . . . . "For the palliative treatment of Hodgkin's disease (Stages III and IV), lymphosarcoma, chronic myelocytic or chronic lymphocytic leukemia, polycythemia vera, mycosis fungoides, and bronchogenic carcinoma. Also for the palliative treatment of metastatic carcinoma resulting in effusion."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Bis(2-chloroethyl)methylamine"@en . . "51-75-2"@en . . "beta,Beta'-dichlorodiethyl-N-methylamine"@en . . . . "A vesicant and necrotizing irritant destructive to mucous membranes, mechlorethamine is an alkylating drug. It was formerly used as a war gas. The hydrochloride is used as an antineoplastic in Hodgkin's disease and lymphomas. It causes severe gastrointestinal and bone marrow damage. [PubChem] The FDA granted marketing approval for the orphan drug Valchlor (mechlorethamine) gel on August 23, 2013 for the topical treatment of stage IA and IB mycosis fungoides-type cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) in patients who have received prior skin-directed therapy. Each tube of Valchlor contains 0.016% of mechlorethamine which is equivalent to 0.02% mechlorethamine HCL. "@en . . . . . . "Humans and other mammals"@en . . . . . . . . . "approved"@en . . "Mechlorethamine"@en . . "Methylbis(2-chloroethyl)amine"@en . "# FDA label "@en . . . . . " "@en . . . . "Nitrogen mustard"@en . "N-methyl-bis(2-chloroethyl)amine"@en . . . "N-Methyl-bis(beta-chloroethyl)amine"@en . "2,2'-dichloro-N-methyldiethylamine"@en . "15 minutes"@en . . "Chlormethine"@en . . . "\u03B2,\u03B2'-dichlorodiethyl-N-methylamine"@en . "Paul Siedlecki, \"Preparation of nitrogen mustard derivatives.\" U.S. Patent US20030162990, issued August 28, 2003."@en . "Methylbis(beta-chloroethyl)amine"@en . "Symptoms of overexposure include severe leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and a hemorrhagic diathesis with subsequent delayed bleeding may develop. Death may follow. The most common adverse reactions (\u22655%) of the topical formulation are dermatitis, pruritus, bacterial skin infection, skin ulceration or blistering, and hyperpigmentation. The oral LD50 for a rat is 10 mg/kg. "@en . . "Mechlorethamine"@en . . . "Partially absorbed following intracavitary administration, most likely due to rapid deactivation by body fluids. When it is topically administered, systemic exposure was undetectable. "@en . "Alkylating agents work by three different mechanisms: 1) attachment of alkyl groups to DNA bases, resulting in the DNA being fragmented by repair enzymes in their attempts to replace the alkylated bases, preventing DNA synthesis and RNA transcription from the affected DNA, 2) DNA damage via the formation of cross-links (bonds between atoms in the DNA) which prevents DNA from being separated for synthesis or transcription, and 3) the induction of mispairing of the nucleotides leading to mutations. Mechlorethamine is cell cycle phase-nonspecific."@en .