. "# Turcotte JE, Debonnel G, de Montigny C, Hebert C, Blier P: Assessment of the serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake blocking properties of duloxetine in healthy subjects. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2001 May;24(5):511-21. \"Pubmed\":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11282251 # Anttila S, Leinonen E: Duloxetine Eli Lilly. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2002 Aug;3(8):1217-21. \"Pubmed\":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12211418 # Karpa KD, Cavanaugh JE, Lakoski JM: Duloxetine pharmacology: profile of a dual monoamine modulator. CNS Drug Rev. 2002 Winter;8(4):361-76. \"Pubmed\":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12481192 # van Groeningen CJ, Peters GJ, Pinedo HM: Lack of effectiveness of combined 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin in patients with 5-fluorouracil-resistant advanced colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol. 1989 Jan;25(1):45-9. \"Pubmed\":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2784100 # Jost W, Marsalek P: Duloxetine: mechanism of action at the lower urinary tract and Onuf's nucleus. Clin Auton Res. 2004 Aug;14(4):220-7. \"Pubmed\":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15316838 # Carter NJ, McCormack PL: Duloxetine: a review of its use in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. CNS Drugs. 2009;23(6):523-41. doi: 10.2165/00023210-200923060-00006. \"Pubmed\":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19480470"@en . . . . "For the acute and maintenance treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), as well as acute management of generalized anxiety disorder. Also used for the management of neuropathic pain associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and fibromyalgia. Has been used in the management of moderate to severe stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women."@en . . . . . . . . . . "12 hours (range 8-17 hours)"@en . "Take without regard to meals."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . "(3S)-N-Methyl-3-(1-naphthyloxy)-3-(2-thienyl)propan-1-amine"@en . . "* 1640 L"@en . . "Orally administered duloxetine hydrochloride is well absorbed."@en . . "Protein binding is greater than 90%."@en . . . . . . "Oral, rat LD₅₀: 491 mg/kg for males and 279 mg/kg for females. Symptoms of overdose include tremors, convulsions, reduced activity, slow pupillary response, intermittent tremors, and rigidity."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "approved"@en . "Richard A. Berglund, \"Intermediate useful for the asymmetric synthesis of duloxetine.\" U.S. Patent US5491243, issued June, 1991."@en . . . "136434-34-9"@en . . "People taking this product who drink large amounts of alcohol are exposed to a higher risk of liver toxicity."@en . . . "Food does not affect maximum levels reached, but delays it (from 6 to 10 hours) and total product exposure appears to be reduced by only 10%."@en . "Humans and other mammals"@en . . " "@en . . . . "Duloxetine"@en . . . . . . . "Many additional metabolites have been identified in urine, some representing only minor pathways of elimination. Most (about 70%) of the duloxetine dose appears in the urine as metabolites of duloxetine; about 20% is excreted in the feces."@en . . . . "LY 248686"@en . . . . . . . "Duloxetine is a potent inhibitor of neuronal serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake and a less potent inhibitor of dopamine reuptake. Duloxetine has no significant affinity for dopaminergic, adrenergic, cholinergic, histaminergic, opioid, glutamate, and GABA receptors. The antidepressant and pain inhibitory actions of duloxetine are believed to be related to its potentiation of serotonergic and noradrenergic activity in the CNS. The mechanism of action of duloxetine in SUI has not been determined, but is thought to be associated with the potentiation of serotonin and norepinephrine activity in the spinal cord, which increases urethral closure forces and thereby reduces involuntary urine loss."@en . "Duloxetine (brand names Cymbalta, Yentreve, and in parts of Europe, Xeristar or Ariclaim) is a drug which primarily targets major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), pain related to diabetic peripheral neuropathy and in some countries stress urinary incontinence (SUI). It is manufactured and marketed by Eli Lilly and Company. Duloxetine has not yet been FDA approved for stress urinary incontinence or for fibromyalgia. Duloxetine is a selective SNRI (selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor). Duloxetine is a systemic drug therapy which affects the body as a whole. Known also under the code name LY248686, it is a potent dual reuptake inhibitor of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE), possessing comparable affinities in binding to NE- and 5-HT transporter sites. It is a less potent inhibitor of dopamine reuptake."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .