"Humans and other mammals"@en . . "Amitriptilina"@en . "Avoid St.John's Wort."@en . "5-(3-Dimethylaminopropylidene)-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo(a,D)cycloheptatriene"@en . "For the treatment of depression, chronic pain, irritable bowel syndrome, sleep disorders, diabetic neuropathy, agitation and insomnia, and migraine prophylaxis. "@en . "Virtually the entire dose is excreted as glucuronide or sulfate conjugate of metabolites, with little unchanged drug appearing in the urine. 25-50% of a single orally administered dose is excreted in urine as inactive metabolites within 24 hours. Small amounts are excreted in feces via biliary elimination. "@en . . . . . "10 to 50 hours, with an average of 15 hours"@en . . . . . . . "10,11-dihydro-5-(gamma-Dimethylaminopropylidene)-5H-dibenzo(a,D)cycloheptene"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "5-(3-Dimethylaminopropylidene)-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo(a,D)cycloheptene"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "LD₅₀=350 mg/kg (in mice). Symptoms of overdose include abnormally low blood pressure, confusion, convulsions, dilated pupils and other eye problems, disturbed concentration, drowsiness, hallucinations, impaired heart function, rapid or irregular heartbeat, reduced body temperature, stupor, and unresponsiveness or coma. Side effects include: sedation, hypotension, blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, postural hypotension, tachycardia, hypertension, ECG changes, heart failure, impaired memory and delirium, and precipitation of hypomanic or manic episodes in bipolar depression. Withdrawal symptoms include gastrointestinal disturbances, anxiety, and insomnia. "@en . . . . . . . " "@en . . . . . " "@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Amitriptyline is metabolized to nortriptyline which inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin almost equally. Amitriptyline inhibits the membrane pump mechanism responsible for uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin in adrenergic and serotonergic neurons. Pharmacologically this action may potentiate or prolong neuronal activity since reuptake of these biogenic amines is important physiologically in terminating transmitting activity. This interference with the reuptake of norepinephrine and/or serotonin is believed by some to underlie the antidepressant activity of amitriptyline."@en . . . . "5-(gamma-Dimethylaminopropylidene)-5H-dibenzo[a,D][1,4]cycloheptadiene"@en . . . . "Avoid alcohol."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "# Otaka M, Jin M, Odashima M, Matsuhashi T, Wada I, Horikawa Y, Komatsu K, Ohba R, Oyake J, Hatakeyama N, Watanabe S: New strategy of therapy for functional dyspepsia using famotidine, mosapride and amitriptyline. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005 Jun;21 Suppl 2:42-6. \"Pubmed\":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15943846"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Amitriptyline"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "approved"@en . . "3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-Dibenzo[a,D]cyclohepten-5-ylidene)-N,N-dimethylpropan-1-amine"@en . . . "3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-Dibenzo(a,D)cyclohepten-5-ylidene)-N,N-dimethyl-1-propanamine"@en . . "50-48-6"@en . . . . . "Take with food to reduce irritation."@en . . . . "Amitriptyline"@en . . . . "Very highly protein bound (90% or more) in plasma and tissues"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "10,11-dihydro-N,N-Dimethyl-5H-dibenzo(a,D)heptalene-delta(5),gamma-propylamine"@en . . . . . . "Manfred Durr, Benedikt Gajdos, Klaus-Dieter Gneuss, Ekkehard Harhausen, Jurgen Seidel, \"Pharmaceutical amitriptylin oxide preparation and process for its manufacture.\" U.S. Patent US4567202, issued January 28, 1986."@en . . . . . . . "Amitriptylinum"@en . "Amitriptyline hydrochloride is a dibenzocycloheptene-derivative tricyclic antidepressant (TCA). TCAs are structurally similar to phenothiazines. They contain a tricyclic ring system with an alkyl amine substituent on the central ring. In non-depressed individuals, amitriptyline does not affect mood or arousal, but may cause sedation. In depressed individuals, amitriptyline exerts a positive effect on mood. TCAs are potent inhibitors of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. Tertiary amine TCAs, such as amitriptyline, are more potent inhibitors of serotonin reuptake than secondary amine TCAs, such as nortriptyline. TCAs also down-regulate cerebral cortical β-adrenergic receptors and sensitize post-synaptic serotonergic receptors with chronic use. The antidepressant effects of TCAs are thought to be due to an overall increase in serotonergic neurotransmission. TCAs also block histamine-H₁ receptors, α₁-adrenergic receptors and muscarinic receptors, which accounts for their sedative, hypotensive and anticholinergic effects (e.g. blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention), respectively. See toxicity section below for a complete listing of side effects. Amitriptyline may be used to treat depression, chronic pain (unlabeled use), irritable bowel syndrome (unlabeled use), diabetic neuropathy (unlabeled use), post-traumatic stress disorder (unlabeled use), and for migraine prophylaxis (unlabeled use). "@en . . "Amitriptylin"@en . "Avoid excessive quantities of coffee or tea (caffeine)."@en . . . . . "Rapidly and well absorbed following oral administration (bioavailability is 30-60% due to first pass metabolism). Peak plasma concentrations occur 2-12 hours following oral or intramuscular administration. "@en .