"CH3COCOOH"@en . . . . . . "For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance"@en . . . "alpha-Ketopropionic acid"@en . . . "nutraceutical"@en . "Acide pyruvique"@en . "approved"@en . "Humans and other mammals"@en . "2-Oxopropansaeure"@en . . . . "a-Ketopropionic acid"@en . . "Pyruvic acid"@en . . "Pyroracemic acid"@en . "Brenztraubensaeure"@en . . "BTS"@en . . . . . . . "alpha-Oxopropionsaeure"@en . "\u03B1-ketopropionic acid"@en . . . "Pyruvic acid"@en . " "@en . . "An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed)"@en . "Acetylformic acid"@en . "Tadamitsu Kiyoura, \"Process for producing salts of pyruvic acid.\" U.S. Patent US4242525, issued December, 1965."@en . . . . "2-ketopropionic acid"@en . . "Those taking large doses of supplemental pyruvate—usually greater than 5 grams daily—have reported gastrointestinal symptoms, including abdominal discomfort and bloating, gas and diarrhea. One child receiving pyruvate intravenously for restrictive cardiomyopathy died."@en . . "2-Oxopropionsaeure"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Pyruvate serves as a biological fuel by being converted to acetyl coenzyme A, which enters the tricarboxylic acid or Krebs cycle where it is metabolized to produce ATP aerobically. Energy can also be obtained anaerobically from pyruvate via its conversion to lactate. Pyruvate injections or perfusions increase contractile function of hearts when metabolizing glucose or fatty acids. This inotropic effect is striking in hearts stunned by ischemia/reperfusion. The inotropic effect of pyruvate requires intracoronary infusion. Among possible mechanisms for this effect are increased generation of ATP and an increase in ATP phosphorylation potential. Another is activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase, promoting its own oxidation by inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase. Pyruvate dehydrogenase is inactivated in ischemia myocardium. Yet another is reduction of cytosolic inorganic phosphate concentration. Pyruvate, as an antioxidant, is known to scavenge such reactive oxygen species as hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxides. Indirectly, supraphysiological levels of pyruvate may increase cellular reduced glutathione."@en . "127-17-3"@en . "Pyruvate is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract from whence it is transported to the liver via the portal circulation."@en . "2-Oxopropanoic acid"@en . . . .