. . . "Dimmer; LED lamp; incandescent bulb retrofit"@en . "2"^^ . . "21230" . . "Compatibility between the LED systems and dimming devices"@en . "The paper summarizes basic problems of dimming compatibility of modern LED lamps with the legacy dimming infrastructure. In 2016 the legacy incandescent bulbs are going to be forbidden on the European market and thus it must be replaced by modern and energy efficient solid state lighting. The problems with dimming compatibility appeared. Standards phase-cutting dimmers are widely used in the households and consumers expect the modern lighting to have the same properties as the incandescent bulbs. The legacy dimmers are designed for some minimal load (usually 40 - 60 W) while the modern LED lamps replacements have only about 12 W keeping the 60 W incandescent bulb luminous flux (800 lm). Several different problems must be solved in order to keep the dimming ability, avoid the light flickering and keep the dimmer in the safe operation region. There are two basic dimmer types. The leading edge dimmers that are usually based on triac switch and trailing edge dimmers that use MOSFET switches and electronic control. Both types have its specific demands and need different approach for ensuring the dimming compatibility. New LED driver must be developed in order to be compatible with the legacy dimmers."@en . . "RIV/68407700:21230/12:00198555!RIV13-MSM-21230___" . . "2"^^ . . . . "RIV/68407700:21230/12:00198555" . "O artigo resume os problemas associados \u00E0 compatibilidade de dimeriza\u00E7\u00E3o das modernas l\u00E2mpadas LED com a infraestrutura de dimeriza\u00E7\u00E3o atual. Em 2016, as l\u00E2mpadas incandescentes existentes passar\u00E3o a ser proibidas no mercado europeu e precisar\u00E3o, portanto, ser substitu\u00EDdas pela moderna ilumina\u00E7\u00E3o de estado s\u00F3lido baseada na efici\u00EAncia energ\u00E9tica, gerando problemas na compatibilidade de dimeriza\u00E7\u00E3o." . "128116" . "Compatibilidade entre os sistemas a LED e dispositivos de dimerizacao" . . "Compatibility between the LED systems and dimming devices"@en . . . . . "Bou\u0159a, Adam" . "Hus\u00E1k, Miroslav" . "http://www.arandanet.com.br/midiaonline/eletricidade_moderna/2012/setembro/destaque/index.html" . "[1C93C83CE477]" . . "R" . "Compatibilidade entre os sistemas a LED e dispositivos de dimerizacao" .