"Functionally graded multilayer for withstanding indentations and inhibition of hard particle embedding into the surface" . "5"^^ . . "Pala, Zden\u011Bk" . . "FGM; multilayer; punch surface; nitriding; CrN; DLC; residual stresses"@en . . . . "Functionally graded multilayer for withstanding indentations and inhibition of hard particle embedding into the surface"@en . "Functionally graded multilayer for withstanding indentations and inhibition of hard particle embedding into the surface" . . . . . "[1D1E9E9AB5BD]" . . "Functionally graded multilayer for withstanding indentations and inhibition of hard particle embedding into the surface"@en . "Kola\u0159\u00EDk, Kamil" . "Kyncl, Ji\u0159\u00ED" . . . . . "Ber\u00E1nek, Libor" . . "RIV/68407700:21220/14:00227853!RIV15-GA0-21220___" . "RIV/68407700:21220/14:00227853" . . "2"^^ . "P(GA101/09/0702)" . . "Processes when a large amount of hard particles such as alumina, zirconia and silica are pressed together represent a challenge not only for dies, where scratching took place, but also for punches with occurrence of multiple indentations. The damage of punches\u2019 due to the indentations can even lead to substantial embedding of the hard particles into the surface and, ultimately, the surface obtains a character of stickiness and must be repeatedly mechanically cleaned by e.g. brushing. A multilayer consisting of three different layers, which limit the above described phenomena, was suggested and successfully tested during alumina-silica object pressing. The multilayer was created onto 56 HRC tempered hot work tool steel grade X40CrMoV5-1 that stands out by its high level toughness and dimensional stability. The novel multilayer consisted of nitrided layer, chromium nitride PVD coating and a morphous hydrogenated carbon diamond-like coating. Optimization of the multilayer structure and properties was ensured by (i) XRD analyses of phase composition and residual stresses and by (ii) observations of microstructure and chemical composition on SEM after each stage of multilayer bulit - up. Residual stresses in nitride layer were determined by conventional single hkl diffraction experiment, but residual stresses in C rN were obtained by measuring several hkl reflections and the resulting macroscopic stress tensor determined by method proposed by Winholtz and Cohen. The optimized multilayer movement in the die was much smoother and it exhibited superb resistance to particle deadlock in the surface. Moreover, the punches\u2019 brushing could have been bypassed altogether and the quality of the alumina-silica surface after pressing was considerably improved"@en . . "Processes when a large amount of hard particles such as alumina, zirconia and silica are pressed together represent a challenge not only for dies, where scratching took place, but also for punches with occurrence of multiple indentations. The damage of punches\u2019 due to the indentations can even lead to substantial embedding of the hard particles into the surface and, ultimately, the surface obtains a character of stickiness and must be repeatedly mechanically cleaned by e.g. brushing. A multilayer consisting of three different layers, which limit the above described phenomena, was suggested and successfully tested during alumina-silica object pressing. The multilayer was created onto 56 HRC tempered hot work tool steel grade X40CrMoV5-1 that stands out by its high level toughness and dimensional stability. The novel multilayer consisted of nitrided layer, chromium nitride PVD coating and a morphous hydrogenated carbon diamond-like coating. Optimization of the multilayer structure and properties was ensured by (i) XRD analyses of phase composition and residual stresses and by (ii) observations of microstructure and chemical composition on SEM after each stage of multilayer bulit - up. Residual stresses in nitride layer were determined by conventional single hkl diffraction experiment, but residual stresses in C rN were obtained by measuring several hkl reflections and the resulting macroscopic stress tensor determined by method proposed by Winholtz and Cohen. The optimized multilayer movement in the die was much smoother and it exhibited superb resistance to particle deadlock in the surface. Moreover, the punches\u2019 brushing could have been bypassed altogether and the quality of the alumina-silica surface after pressing was considerably improved" . . . "21220" . "17683" . "Mu\u0161\u00E1lek, R." .