"Despite some papers published before and related to the Syrian issue, little is known about the perspective of the Syrian military, unofficially called the \u201Celder statesman\u201D, who rules this country. The overall image that emerges not only from the Arab media during the revolutionary year 2011 is ambivalent: lazy, corrupt, unpatriotic, apathetic soldiers with poor fighting spirits versus the Free Syrian Army newly formed in July 2011. This paper recovers some perspectives of the Syrian revolt and tries to answer, whether or whether not is the newly based military opposition in the country a real threat to the Assad regime. An analysis of historical background, Syrian veterans, relation between the official political doctrine and Islam brings new perspectives and own explanations that could even challenge some of the widely held assumptions about the Syrian military: 1) There is and won\u2019t be any \u201Ccivil war\u201D in the Syrian Arab Republic at all; this conflict should be viewed as Islamic fitna and its roots come from the 1970\u2019s. It is a regime strongly connected to rife corruption at the top ranks, hurting the morale of the lower, but stronger Islamic ranks; 2) Doctrinal relations between the Syrian army and official religious authorities in the Muslim world have been always tense; and 3) The Syrian army would have found the necessity of its own, inner transformation despite of the so-called \u201CArab Spring 2011\u201D. This paper suggests that the character of the Syrian national revolt may be intended to reflect a deeper ideological antagonism between the Sunni and Shia Islam."@en . "1214-6463" . . . "140413" . "Ideologick\u00E9 pnut\u00ED v \u0159ad\u00E1ch syrsk\u00FDch d\u016Fstojn\u00EDk\u016F: spou\u0161\u0165 transformace vojensk\u00FDch kruh\u016F v zemi?"@cs . "12" . . . "Obrana a strategie : \u010Dasopis strategick\u00FDch studi\u00ED a n\u00E1zor\u016F" . "RIV/62690094:18460/12:50001040" . "V" . "18460" . "Ideologick\u00E9 pnut\u00ED v \u0159ad\u00E1ch syrsk\u00FDch d\u016Fstojn\u00EDk\u016F: spou\u0161\u0165 transformace vojensk\u00FDch kruh\u016F v zemi?" . . "Kostrounov\u00E1, Jana" . . . . "CZ - \u010Cesk\u00E1 republika" . . "1"^^ . . "fitna.; Arab Spring 2011; Free Syrian Army; Syrian military; Syria"@en . . "5"^^ . . "1"^^ . "Navzdory mnoha pracem nen\u00ED p\u0159\u00EDli\u0161 zn\u00E1mo, jak\u00E1 jsou stanoviska syrsk\u00E9 arm\u00E1dy, neofici\u00E1ln\u011B naz\u00FDvan\u00E9 \u201E\u0161edou eminenc\u00ED\u201C, kter\u00E1 t\u00E9to zemi vl\u00E1dne. Jej\u00ED celkov\u00E9 (nejen medi\u00E1ln\u00ED) vykreslen\u00ED je zna\u010Dn\u011B ambivalentn\u00ED, nav\u00EDc podpo\u0159en\u00E9 revolu\u010Dn\u00EDmi ud\u00E1lostmi roku 2011: neschopn\u00E1, vyzna\u010Duj\u00EDc\u00ED se laxn\u00EDm p\u0159\u00EDstupem, absenc\u00ED vlasteneck\u00FDch princip\u016F, lhostejn\u00FDm postojem sv\u00FDch p\u0159\u00EDslu\u0161n\u00EDk\u016F, protkan\u00E1 korupc\u00ED. Proti n\u00ED stoj\u00ED nov\u011B zformovan\u00E9 hnut\u00ED tzv. Svobodn\u00E9 syrsk\u00E9 arm\u00E1dy, kt. do sv\u00FDch \u0159ad postupn\u011B p\u0159ij\u00EDmala skupiny dezert\u00E9r\u016F a dal\u0161\u00ED mlad\u00E9 mu\u017Ee, jim\u017E nen\u00ED osud zem\u011B lhostejn\u00FD a kte\u0159\u00ED se cht\u011Bj\u00ED Asadovi br\u00E1nit. Tento \u010Dl\u00E1nek p\u0159edstav\u00ED n\u00E1stin dal\u0161\u00EDho mo\u017En\u00E9ho v\u00FDvoje, kter\u00FD lze v Syrsk\u00E9 arabsk\u00E9 republice o\u010Dek\u00E1vat, a pokus\u00ED se nal\u00E9zt odpov\u011B\u010F na ot\u00E1zku, zdali nov\u011B ustaven\u00E9 ozbrojen\u00E9 hnut\u00ED skute\u010Dn\u011B p\u0159edstavuje hrozbu pro Asad\u016Fv re\u017Eim. Podrobn\u00E1 anal\u00FDza modern\u00EDch d\u011Bjin syrsk\u00FDch arm\u00E1dn\u00EDch slo\u017Eek, jej\u00ED veter\u00E1ni, vz\u00E1jemn\u00FD vztah mezi ofici\u00E1ln\u00ED politickou doktr\u00EDnou a isl\u00E1mskou v\u00EDrou zkus\u00ED definovat mo\u017En\u00E9 vyhl\u00EDdky dal\u0161\u00EDho v\u00FDvoje v zemi: 1) v Syrsk\u00E9 arabsk\u00E9 republice nedojde k vypuknut\u00ED ob\u010Dansk\u00E9 v\u00E1lky v podob\u011B, jak ji zn\u00E1me z jin\u00FDch sv\u011Btov\u00FDch region\u016F; na tento konflikt je pot\u0159eba nahl\u00ED\u017Eet z pohledu isl\u00E1msk\u00E9 fitny (tj. n\u00E1bo\u017Eensk\u00E9ho rozkolu) a jej\u00ED ko\u0159eny lze vysledovat ji\u017E v 70. letech 20. stolet\u00ED: jedn\u00E1 se o re\u017Eim pevn\u011B spjat\u00FD s hojn\u011B se vyskytuj\u00EDc\u00EDmi korup\u010Dn\u00EDmi praktikami na nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00EDch vl\u00E1dnouc\u00EDch postech spole\u010Dnosti, kter\u00E9 se prom\u00EDtaj\u00ED do posiluj\u00EDc\u00EDho trendu tradi\u010Dn\u00EDch isl\u00E1msk\u00FDch a islamisticky sm\u00FD\u0161lej\u00EDc\u00EDch kruh\u016F v zemi; 2) doktrin\u00E1ln\u00ED rozd\u00EDly mezi syrskou arm\u00E1dou a nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00EDmi autoritami isl\u00E1msk\u00E9ho sv\u011Bta byly v\u017Edy napjat\u00E9; 3) syrsk\u00E1 arm\u00E1da sama do\u0161la k jak\u00E9si vlastn\u00ED \u201Ekatarzi\u201C, pochopila nutnost proveden\u00ED ur\u010Dit\u00FDch reformn\u00EDch krok\u016F uvnit\u0159 vlastn\u00EDch \u0159ad a odrazila se v procesu nazv. Arabsk\u00E9 jaro 2011. \u010Cl\u00E1nek pracuje s my\u0161lenkou, \u017Ee vlastn\u00ED charakter syrsk\u00E9ho n\u00E1rodn\u00EDho povst\u00E1n\u00ED ve skute\u010Dnosti odr\u00E1\u017E\u00ED mnohem hloub\u011Bji zako\u0159en\u011Bn\u00FD ideologick\u00FD rozpor mezi sunnitsk\u00FDm a \u0161\u00EDitsk\u00FDm isl\u00E1mem." . . . "Ideological Tensions in the Ranks of Syrian Officers: a Trigger of the Possible Military Transformation in the Country?"@en . "Ideological Tensions in the Ranks of Syrian Officers: a Trigger of the Possible Military Transformation in the Country?"@en . "RIV/62690094:18460/12:50001040!RIV13-MSM-18460___" . "1" . "[FB028B38EA8F]" . "10.3849/1802-7199.12.2012.01.073-078" . "Navzdory mnoha pracem nen\u00ED p\u0159\u00EDli\u0161 zn\u00E1mo, jak\u00E1 jsou stanoviska syrsk\u00E9 arm\u00E1dy, neofici\u00E1ln\u011B naz\u00FDvan\u00E9 \u201E\u0161edou eminenc\u00ED\u201C, kter\u00E1 t\u00E9to zemi vl\u00E1dne. Jej\u00ED celkov\u00E9 (nejen medi\u00E1ln\u00ED) vykreslen\u00ED je zna\u010Dn\u011B ambivalentn\u00ED, nav\u00EDc podpo\u0159en\u00E9 revolu\u010Dn\u00EDmi ud\u00E1lostmi roku 2011: neschopn\u00E1, vyzna\u010Duj\u00EDc\u00ED se laxn\u00EDm p\u0159\u00EDstupem, absenc\u00ED vlasteneck\u00FDch princip\u016F, lhostejn\u00FDm postojem sv\u00FDch p\u0159\u00EDslu\u0161n\u00EDk\u016F, protkan\u00E1 korupc\u00ED. Proti n\u00ED stoj\u00ED nov\u011B zformovan\u00E9 hnut\u00ED tzv. Svobodn\u00E9 syrsk\u00E9 arm\u00E1dy, kt. do sv\u00FDch \u0159ad postupn\u011B p\u0159ij\u00EDmala skupiny dezert\u00E9r\u016F a dal\u0161\u00ED mlad\u00E9 mu\u017Ee, jim\u017E nen\u00ED osud zem\u011B lhostejn\u00FD a kte\u0159\u00ED se cht\u011Bj\u00ED Asadovi br\u00E1nit. Tento \u010Dl\u00E1nek p\u0159edstav\u00ED n\u00E1stin dal\u0161\u00EDho mo\u017En\u00E9ho v\u00FDvoje, kter\u00FD lze v Syrsk\u00E9 arabsk\u00E9 republice o\u010Dek\u00E1vat, a pokus\u00ED se nal\u00E9zt odpov\u011B\u010F na ot\u00E1zku, zdali nov\u011B ustaven\u00E9 ozbrojen\u00E9 hnut\u00ED skute\u010Dn\u011B p\u0159edstavuje hrozbu pro Asad\u016Fv re\u017Eim. Podrobn\u00E1 anal\u00FDza modern\u00EDch d\u011Bjin syrsk\u00FDch arm\u00E1dn\u00EDch slo\u017Eek, jej\u00ED veter\u00E1ni, vz\u00E1jemn\u00FD vztah mezi ofici\u00E1ln\u00ED politickou doktr\u00EDnou a isl\u00E1mskou v\u00EDrou zkus\u00ED definovat mo\u017En\u00E9 vyhl\u00EDdky dal\u0161\u00EDho v\u00FDvoje v zemi: 1) v Syrsk\u00E9 arabsk\u00E9 republice nedojde k vypuknut\u00ED ob\u010Dansk\u00E9 v\u00E1lky v podob\u011B, jak ji zn\u00E1me z jin\u00FDch sv\u011Btov\u00FDch region\u016F; na tento konflikt je pot\u0159eba nahl\u00ED\u017Eet z pohledu isl\u00E1msk\u00E9 fitny (tj. n\u00E1bo\u017Eensk\u00E9ho rozkolu) a jej\u00ED ko\u0159eny lze vysledovat ji\u017E v 70. letech 20. stolet\u00ED: jedn\u00E1 se o re\u017Eim pevn\u011B spjat\u00FD s hojn\u011B se vyskytuj\u00EDc\u00EDmi korup\u010Dn\u00EDmi praktikami na nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00EDch vl\u00E1dnouc\u00EDch postech spole\u010Dnosti, kter\u00E9 se prom\u00EDtaj\u00ED do posiluj\u00EDc\u00EDho trendu tradi\u010Dn\u00EDch isl\u00E1msk\u00FDch a islamisticky sm\u00FD\u0161lej\u00EDc\u00EDch kruh\u016F v zemi; 2) doktrin\u00E1ln\u00ED rozd\u00EDly mezi syrskou arm\u00E1dou a nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00EDmi autoritami isl\u00E1msk\u00E9ho sv\u011Bta byly v\u017Edy napjat\u00E9; 3) syrsk\u00E1 arm\u00E1da sama do\u0161la k jak\u00E9si vlastn\u00ED \u201Ekatarzi\u201C, pochopila nutnost proveden\u00ED ur\u010Dit\u00FDch reformn\u00EDch krok\u016F uvnit\u0159 vlastn\u00EDch \u0159ad a odrazila se v procesu nazv. Arabsk\u00E9 jaro 2011. \u010Cl\u00E1nek pracuje s my\u0161lenkou, \u017Ee vlastn\u00ED charakter syrsk\u00E9ho n\u00E1rodn\u00EDho povst\u00E1n\u00ED ve skute\u010Dnosti odr\u00E1\u017E\u00ED mnohem hloub\u011Bji zako\u0159en\u011Bn\u00FD ideologick\u00FD rozpor mezi sunnitsk\u00FDm a \u0161\u00EDitsk\u00FDm isl\u00E1mem."@cs . . . "Ideologick\u00E9 pnut\u00ED v \u0159ad\u00E1ch syrsk\u00FDch d\u016Fstojn\u00EDk\u016F: spou\u0161\u0165 transformace vojensk\u00FDch kruh\u016F v zemi?" . "Ideologick\u00E9 pnut\u00ED v \u0159ad\u00E1ch syrsk\u00FDch d\u016Fstojn\u00EDk\u016F: spou\u0161\u0165 transformace vojensk\u00FDch kruh\u016F v zemi?"@cs . .