"Mokienko, Olesya A." . "Chernikova, Liudmila A." . "Frolov, Alexander" . "Bobrov, Pavel Dmitrievitch" . . "P(ED1.1.00/02.0070), P(EE.2.3.20.0073)" . "neurorehabilitation; functional MRI; navigated TMS; motor imagery; brain-computer interface"@en . "RIV/61989100:27740/14:86092421" . "Kulikova, Sofia N." . "NOV 22" . "Increased motor cortex excitability during motor imagery in brain-computer interface trained subjects"@en . "21151" . . "27"^^ . "[82B5F51BD06B]" . "CH - \u0160v\u00FDcarsk\u00E1 konfederace" . . . "Increased motor cortex excitability during motor imagery in brain-computer interface trained subjects" . "000327819900001" . "10.3389/fncom.2013.00168" . . . "Increased motor cortex excitability during motor imagery in brain-computer interface trained subjects"@en . "Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience" . "27740" . . "RIV/61989100:27740/14:86092421!RIV15-MSM-27740___" . . "http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fncom.2013.00168/abstract" . . . "7"^^ . "Increased motor cortex excitability during motor imagery in brain-computer interface trained subjects" . . "Background: Motor imagery (MI) is the mental performance of movement without muscle activity. It is generally accepted that MI and motor performance have similar physiological mechanisms. Purpose: To investigate the activity and excitability of cortical motor areas during MI in subjects who were previously trained with an MI-based brain-computer interface (BCI). Subjects and Methods: Eleven healthy volunteers without neurological impairments (mean age, 36 years; range: 24\u201368 years) were either trained with an MI-based BCI (BCI-trained, n = 5) or received no BCI training (n = 6, controls). Subjects imagined grasping in a blocked paradigm task with alternating rest and task periods. For evaluating the activity and excitability of cortical motor areas we used functional MRI and navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS). Results: fMRI revealed activation in Brodmann areas 3 and 6, the cerebellum, and the thalamus during MI in all subjects. The primary motor cortex was activated only in BCI-trained subjects. The associative zones of activation were larger in non-trained subjects. During MI, motor evoked potentials recorded from two of the three targeted muscles were significantly higher only in BCI-trained subjects. The motor threshold decreased (median = 17%) during MI, which was also observed only in BCI-trained subjects. Conclusion: Previous BCI training increased motor cortex excitability during MI. These data may help to improve BCI applications, including rehabilitation of patients with cerebral palsy."@en . . . . "Frolov, Alexander" . . "Background: Motor imagery (MI) is the mental performance of movement without muscle activity. It is generally accepted that MI and motor performance have similar physiological mechanisms. Purpose: To investigate the activity and excitability of cortical motor areas during MI in subjects who were previously trained with an MI-based brain-computer interface (BCI). Subjects and Methods: Eleven healthy volunteers without neurological impairments (mean age, 36 years; range: 24\u201368 years) were either trained with an MI-based BCI (BCI-trained, n = 5) or received no BCI training (n = 6, controls). Subjects imagined grasping in a blocked paradigm task with alternating rest and task periods. For evaluating the activity and excitability of cortical motor areas we used functional MRI and navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS). Results: fMRI revealed activation in Brodmann areas 3 and 6, the cerebellum, and the thalamus during MI in all subjects. The primary motor cortex was activated only in BCI-trained subjects. The associative zones of activation were larger in non-trained subjects. During MI, motor evoked potentials recorded from two of the three targeted muscles were significantly higher only in BCI-trained subjects. The motor threshold decreased (median = 17%) during MI, which was also observed only in BCI-trained subjects. Conclusion: Previous BCI training increased motor cortex excitability during MI. These data may help to improve BCI applications, including rehabilitation of patients with cerebral palsy." . . . "Piradov, Mikhail A." . "1662-5188" . "1"^^ . "7" . "Chervyakov, Alexander V." .