. . "160" . "1"^^ . "Vojt\u00ED\u0161ek, Michal" . . "FTIR analysis of surface functionalities on particulate matter produced by off-road diesel engines operating on diesel and biofuel" . "11"^^ . "2015" . "http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-014-3688-8" . "FTIR analysis of surface functionalities on particulate matter produced by off-road diesel engines operating on diesel and biofuel"@en . "I" . "Shonija, N. K." . . "[B1594C17C754]" . . "FTIR analysis of surface functionalities on particulate matter produced by off-road diesel engines operating on diesel and biofuel" . . "Environmental Science and Pollution Research" . "Kireeva, E. D." . "5"^^ . . . "Popovicheva, O. B." . "Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is applied as a powerful analytic technique for the evaluation of the chemical composition of combustion aerosols emitted by off-road engines fuelled by diesel and biofuels. Particles produced by burning diesel, heated rapeseed oil (RO), RO with ethylhexylnitrate, and heated palm oil were sampled from exhausts of representative in-use diesel engines. Multicomponent composition of diesel and biofuel particles reveal the chemistry related to a variety of functional groups containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen. The most intensive functionalities of diesel particles are saturated C–C–H and unsaturated C=C–H aliphatic groups in alkanes and alkenes, aromatic C=C and C=C–H groups in polyaromatics, as well as sulfates and nitrated ions. The distinguished features of biofuel particles were carbonyl C=O groups in carboxylic acids, ketones, aldehydes, esters, an d lacton es. NO2, C–N and -NH groups in nitrocompounds and amines are found to dominate biofuel particles. Group identification is confirmed by complementary measurements of organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon, and water-soluble ion species. The relationship between infrared bands of polar oxygenated and non-polar aliphatic functionalities indicates the higher extent of the surface oxidation of biofuel particles. Findings provide functional markers of organic surface structure of off-road diesel emission, allowing for a better evaluation of relation between engine, fuel, operation condition, and particle composition, thus improving the quantification of environmental impacts of alternative energy source emissions." . "RIV/46747885:24210/14:#0006601!RIV15-MSM-24210___" . "Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy is applied as a powerful analytic technique for the evaluation of the chemical composition of combustion aerosols emitted by off-road engines fuelled by diesel and biofuels. Particles produced by burning diesel, heated rapeseed oil (RO), RO with ethylhexylnitrate, and heated palm oil were sampled from exhausts of representative in-use diesel engines. Multicomponent composition of diesel and biofuel particles reveal the chemistry related to a variety of functional groups containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen. The most intensive functionalities of diesel particles are saturated C–C–H and unsaturated C=C–H aliphatic groups in alkanes and alkenes, aromatic C=C and C=C–H groups in polyaromatics, as well as sulfates and nitrated ions. The distinguished features of biofuel particles were carbonyl C=O groups in carboxylic acids, ketones, aldehydes, esters, an d lacton es. NO2, C–N and -NH groups in nitrocompounds and amines are found to dominate biofuel particles. Group identification is confirmed by complementary measurements of organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon, and water-soluble ion species. The relationship between infrared bands of polar oxygenated and non-polar aliphatic functionalities indicates the higher extent of the surface oxidation of biofuel particles. Findings provide functional markers of organic surface structure of off-road diesel emission, allowing for a better evaluation of relation between engine, fuel, operation condition, and particle composition, thus improving the quantification of environmental impacts of alternative energy source emissions."@en . . . "diesel engine; combustion; emissions; particulate matter; exhaust; air quality; FTIR"@en . "FTIR analysis of surface functionalities on particulate matter produced by off-road diesel engines operating on diesel and biofuel"@en . . "22" . . . "24210" . . . . . "RIV/46747885:24210/14:#0006601" . "10.1007/s11356-014-3688-8" . "DE - Spolkov\u00E1 republika N\u011Bmecko" . "Schwarz, Jaroslav" . "0944-1344" . .