. "Vorel, Petr" . "Studie se zab\u00FDv\u00E1 problematikou m\u011Bnov\u00E9 integrace \u0158\u00EDmsko-n\u011Bmeck\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e, jej\u00EDm\u017E hlavn\u00EDm v\u00FDsledkem bylo p\u0159ijet\u00ED t\u0159\u00ED \u0159\u00ED\u0161sk\u00FDch mincovn\u00EDch \u0159\u00E1d\u016F z let 1524, 1551 a 1559 a n\u00E1sledn\u00E9 novely \u0159\u00ED\u0161sk\u00E9ho mincovn\u00EDho \u0159\u00E1du z roku 1566. V\u0161echna tato jedn\u00E1n\u00ED prob\u00EDhala v ur\u010Dit\u00E9m mocensko-politick\u00E9m kontextu a ka\u017Ed\u00FD ze zm\u00EDn\u011Bn\u00FDch mincovn\u00EDch \u0159\u00E1d\u016F byl ve sv\u00E9m v\u00FDsledku v\u00FDhodn\u00FD jen pro \u010D\u00E1st \u0159\u00ED\u0161sk\u00FDch stav\u016F. Za v\u00FDznamn\u00FD mezn\u00EDk v tomto procesu pova\u017Euje autor po\u010D\u00E1tek \u010Dty\u0159ic\u00E1t\u00FDch let 16. stolet\u00ED, kdy je\u0161t\u011B existovala mo\u017Enost kompromisn\u00EDho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ED n\u00E1bo\u017Eensk\u00FDch rozpor\u016F v r\u00E1mci \u0159\u00ED\u0161e, a kdy byla i opozi\u010Dn\u00ED \u0159\u00ED\u0161sk\u00E1 kn\u00ED\u017Eata ochotna pod\u00EDlet se finan\u010Dn\u011B i osobn\u011B na habsbursk\u00FDch v\u00E1le\u010Dn\u00FDch operac\u00EDch v dlouhodob\u00FDch konfliktech s Franci\u00ED a s Osmanskou \u0159\u00ED\u0161\u00ED. Kdy\u017E po por\u00E1\u017Ece Habsburk\u016F v Uhr\u00E1ch (1541) za\u010Dala Osmansk\u00E1 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e znovu intenzivn\u011B ohro\u017Eovat habsbursk\u00E9 d\u011Bdi\u010Dn\u00E9 zem\u011B v Podunaj\u00ED, vyslovil \u0159\u00ED\u0161sk\u00FD sn\u011Bm roku 1542 souhlas s financov\u00E1n\u00EDm \u0159\u00ED\u0161sk\u00E9ho vojska, kter\u00E9 m\u011Blo b\u00FDt do t\u011Bchto kon\u010Din vypraveno. P\u0159\u00EDpravu tohoto ta\u017Een\u00ED prov\u00E1zela i d\u016Fle\u017Eit\u00E1 jedn\u00E1n\u00ED o platebn\u00ED s\u00EDle pen\u011Bz, kter\u00FDmi m\u011Bla tato vojska disponovat a kter\u00FDmi m\u011Bla hradit svoje v\u00FDdaje na rakousk\u00E9m \u00FAzem\u00ED. Tak vznikla dohoda o sm\u011Bnn\u00FDch kursech konkr\u00E9tn\u00EDch minc\u00ED, kter\u00E1 odr\u00E1\u017E\u00ED realitu tehdej\u0161\u00EDho evropsk\u00E9ho pen\u011B\u017En\u00EDho ob\u011Bhu p\u0159esn\u011Bji, ne\u017E \u0159\u00ED\u0161sk\u00E9 mincovn\u00ED \u0159\u00E1dy. Mincovn\u00ED dohoda z roku 1542 toti\u017E zahrnovala nejen hlavn\u00ED zlat\u00E9 a st\u0159\u00EDbrn\u00E9 mince, vyd\u00E1van\u00E9 v r\u00E1mci jednotliv\u00FDch m\u011Bnov\u00FDch syst\u00E9m\u016F uvnit\u0159 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e, ale i n\u011Bkter\u00E9 ra\u017Eby zahrani\u010Dn\u00ED, u kter\u00FDch se dalo p\u0159edpokl\u00E1dat, \u017Ee jimi budou najat\u00E9 \u017Eoldn\u00E9\u0159sk\u00E9 odd\u00EDly disponovat."@cs . "Sm\u011Bnn\u00E9 kursy jako n\u00E1stroj mocensk\u00E9 politiky v \u0158\u00EDmsko-n\u011Bmeck\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161i po\u010D\u00E1tkem \u010Dty\u0159ic\u00E1t\u00FDch let 16. stolet\u00ED"@cs . "P(GAP405/12/1000)" . . "3" . . "Sm\u011Bnn\u00E9 kursy jako n\u00E1stroj mocensk\u00E9 politiky v \u0158\u00EDmsko-n\u011Bmeck\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161i po\u010D\u00E1tkem \u010Dty\u0159ic\u00E1t\u00FDch let 16. stolet\u00ED" . "25210" . "1"^^ . "\u010Cesk\u00FD \u010Dasopis historick\u00FD" . . "Studie se zab\u00FDv\u00E1 problematikou m\u011Bnov\u00E9 integrace \u0158\u00EDmsko-n\u011Bmeck\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e, jej\u00EDm\u017E hlavn\u00EDm v\u00FDsledkem bylo p\u0159ijet\u00ED t\u0159\u00ED \u0159\u00ED\u0161sk\u00FDch mincovn\u00EDch \u0159\u00E1d\u016F z let 1524, 1551 a 1559 a n\u00E1sledn\u00E9 novely \u0159\u00ED\u0161sk\u00E9ho mincovn\u00EDho \u0159\u00E1du z roku 1566. V\u0161echna tato jedn\u00E1n\u00ED prob\u00EDhala v ur\u010Dit\u00E9m mocensko-politick\u00E9m kontextu a ka\u017Ed\u00FD ze zm\u00EDn\u011Bn\u00FDch mincovn\u00EDch \u0159\u00E1d\u016F byl ve sv\u00E9m v\u00FDsledku v\u00FDhodn\u00FD jen pro \u010D\u00E1st \u0159\u00ED\u0161sk\u00FDch stav\u016F. Za v\u00FDznamn\u00FD mezn\u00EDk v tomto procesu pova\u017Euje autor po\u010D\u00E1tek \u010Dty\u0159ic\u00E1t\u00FDch let 16. stolet\u00ED, kdy je\u0161t\u011B existovala mo\u017Enost kompromisn\u00EDho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ED n\u00E1bo\u017Eensk\u00FDch rozpor\u016F v r\u00E1mci \u0159\u00ED\u0161e, a kdy byla i opozi\u010Dn\u00ED \u0159\u00ED\u0161sk\u00E1 kn\u00ED\u017Eata ochotna pod\u00EDlet se finan\u010Dn\u011B i osobn\u011B na habsbursk\u00FDch v\u00E1le\u010Dn\u00FDch operac\u00EDch v dlouhodob\u00FDch konfliktech s Franci\u00ED a s Osmanskou \u0159\u00ED\u0161\u00ED. Kdy\u017E po por\u00E1\u017Ece Habsburk\u016F v Uhr\u00E1ch (1541) za\u010Dala Osmansk\u00E1 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e znovu intenzivn\u011B ohro\u017Eovat habsbursk\u00E9 d\u011Bdi\u010Dn\u00E9 zem\u011B v Podunaj\u00ED, vyslovil \u0159\u00ED\u0161sk\u00FD sn\u011Bm roku 1542 souhlas s financov\u00E1n\u00EDm \u0159\u00ED\u0161sk\u00E9ho vojska, kter\u00E9 m\u011Blo b\u00FDt do t\u011Bchto kon\u010Din vypraveno. P\u0159\u00EDpravu tohoto ta\u017Een\u00ED prov\u00E1zela i d\u016Fle\u017Eit\u00E1 jedn\u00E1n\u00ED o platebn\u00ED s\u00EDle pen\u011Bz, kter\u00FDmi m\u011Bla tato vojska disponovat a kter\u00FDmi m\u011Bla hradit svoje v\u00FDdaje na rakousk\u00E9m \u00FAzem\u00ED. Tak vznikla dohoda o sm\u011Bnn\u00FDch kursech konkr\u00E9tn\u00EDch minc\u00ED, kter\u00E1 odr\u00E1\u017E\u00ED realitu tehdej\u0161\u00EDho evropsk\u00E9ho pen\u011B\u017En\u00EDho ob\u011Bhu p\u0159esn\u011Bji, ne\u017E \u0159\u00ED\u0161sk\u00E9 mincovn\u00ED \u0159\u00E1dy. Mincovn\u00ED dohoda z roku 1542 toti\u017E zahrnovala nejen hlavn\u00ED zlat\u00E9 a st\u0159\u00EDbrn\u00E9 mince, vyd\u00E1van\u00E9 v r\u00E1mci jednotliv\u00FDch m\u011Bnov\u00FDch syst\u00E9m\u016F uvnit\u0159 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e, ale i n\u011Bkter\u00E9 ra\u017Eby zahrani\u010Dn\u00ED, u kter\u00FDch se dalo p\u0159edpokl\u00E1dat, \u017Ee jimi budou najat\u00E9 \u017Eoldn\u00E9\u0159sk\u00E9 odd\u00EDly disponovat." . "1"^^ . "Sm\u011Bnn\u00E9 kursy jako n\u00E1stroj mocensk\u00E9 politiky v \u0158\u00EDmsko-n\u011Bmeck\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161i po\u010D\u00E1tkem \u010Dty\u0159ic\u00E1t\u00FDch let 16. stolet\u00ED" . . . "23"^^ . . "CZ - \u010Cesk\u00E1 republika" . . "RIV/00216275:25210/14:39899257!RIV15-GA0-25210___" . . . "The study deals with the question of monetary integration of the Holy Roman Empire, the main result of which was the adoption of the three imperial mint orders from 1524, 1551 and 1559 and the subsequent amendment to the imperial mint order from 1566. All of these acts were conducted against a certain power-politics backdrop, and the result of each of the mint orders referred to was advantageous only for a certain part of the imperial estates. The author sees the beginning of the 1540s as a significant turning point in this process, when there was still the possibility of a compromise solution to the religious disputes within the empire, and when even the opposition imperial princes were willing to contribute financially and personally to the Habsburgs' military operations in the long-term conflicts with France and the Ottoman Empire. After the Ottoman Empire began once again to present an intense threat to the Habsburgs' hereditary lands in the Danube region having defeated the Habsburgs in Hungary (1541), in 1542 the Imperial Assembly expressed consent to the financing of the imperial army which was meant to be sent to this area. The preparation of this campaign was also accompanied by important negotiations on the buying power of the money which this army was supposed to have and which it was to use to cover its expenses on Austrian territory. In this way an operative agreement was reached on the exchange rates of specific coins that reflected the reality of the then valid European currency circulation far more accurately than the actual imperial mint orders, because the mint agreement from 1542 (which up till now has not been dealt with by the literature about the empire's monetary integration) covered not only the main gold and silver coins issued under the individual currency systems within the empire, but also certain foreign coinages which the hired mercenary units would have been assumed to have."@en . "[1BB64F551D41]" . . . . "0862-6111" . "Exchange rates as a tool of power politics in the Holy Roman Empire at the beginning of the 1540s"@en . "112" . . "45421" . . "1542; Holy Roman Empire; Monetary integration; Exchange rates; Money"@en . "Exchange rates as a tool of power politics in the Holy Roman Empire at the beginning of the 1540s"@en . "RIV/00216275:25210/14:39899257" . . . "Sm\u011Bnn\u00E9 kursy jako n\u00E1stroj mocensk\u00E9 politiky v \u0158\u00EDmsko-n\u011Bmeck\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161i po\u010D\u00E1tkem \u010Dty\u0159ic\u00E1t\u00FDch let 16. stolet\u00ED"@cs .