"Anafylaxe je z\u00E1va\u017En\u00E1, \u017Eivot ohro\u017Euj\u00EDc\u00ED, syst\u00E9mov\u00E1 alergick\u00E1 reakce, kter\u00E1 se t\u00E9m\u011B\u0159 v\u017Edy vyv\u00EDj\u00ED neo\u010Dek\u00E1van\u011B a m\u016F\u017Ee v\u00E9st k \u00FAmrt\u00ED v d\u016Fsledku obstrukce d\u00FDchac\u00EDch cest nebo selh\u00E1n\u00ED krevn\u00EDho ob\u011Bhu. K anafylaxi doch\u00E1z\u00ED vlivem odpov\u011Bdi na expozici alergenu, p\u0159i\u010Dem\u017E obvykle jde o reakci zprost\u0159edkovanou imunoglobuliny typu E, kter\u00E1 vede k aktivaci \u017E\u00EDrn\u00FDch bun\u011Bk a bazofi l\u016F a k rozvoji kombinace dermatologick\u00FDch, respira\u010Dn\u00EDch, kardiovaskul\u00E1rn\u00EDch, gastrointestin\u00E1ln\u00EDch a neurologick\u00FDch p\u0159\u00EDznak\u016F. Nej\u010Dast\u011Bji se vyskytuj\u00ED symptomy dermatologick\u00E9 (u 90 % epizod) a respira\u010Dn\u00ED (u 70 % epizod). T\u0159emi nejb\u011B\u017En\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDmi spou\u0161t\u011B\u010Di jsou slo\u017Eky potravy, bodnut\u00ED hmyzem a l\u00E9\u010Diva. Diagn\u00F3zu anafylaxe zpravidla stanov\u00EDme, pokud se p\u0159\u00EDznaky vyvinou b\u011Bhem jedn\u00E9 hodiny od expozice specifick\u00E9mu antigenu. Konfi rma\u010Dn\u00ED testy zam\u011B\u0159en\u00E9 na s\u00E9rov\u00E9 koncentrace histaminu a trypt\u00E1zy jsou obt\u00ED\u017En\u011B provediteln\u00E9, nebo\u0165 p\u0159i odb\u011Bru vzork\u016F krve je t\u0159eba p\u0159\u00EDsn\u011B posuzovat \u010Dasov\u00E9 souslednosti. Spolehliv\u011B predikovat, u koho se anafylaktick\u00E1 reakce vyvine, bohu\u017Eel nedok\u00E1\u017Eou ani ko\u017En\u00ED testy s vyu\u017Eit\u00EDm r\u016Fzn\u00FDch alergen\u016F \u010Di vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ED s\u00E9rov\u00FDch koncentrac\u00ED imunoglobulin\u016F E proti specifick\u00FDm alergen\u016Fm in vitro. Z\u00E1kladem l\u00E9\u010Dby je intramuskul\u00E1rn\u00ED aplikace adrenalinu na po\u010D\u00E1tku rozvoje anafylaxe p\u0159edt\u00EDm, ne\u017E se dostav\u00ED respira\u010Dn\u00ED selh\u00E1n\u00ED nebo ob\u011Bhov\u00E1 nedostate\u010Dnost. Tuto terapii lze vhodn\u011B doplnit antagonisty histaminov\u00FDch receptor\u016F H1 a kortikosteroidy. V\u0161ichni pacienti ohro\u017Een\u00ED recidivou anafylaxe by m\u011Bli b\u00FDt pou\u010Deni o pou\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1n\u00ED adrenalinov\u00FDch autoinjektor\u016F vyd\u00E1van\u00FDch na l\u00E9ka\u0159sk\u00FD p\u0159edpis."@cs . "1212-9445" . "Anafylaxe je z\u00E1va\u017En\u00E1, \u017Eivot ohro\u017Euj\u00EDc\u00ED, syst\u00E9mov\u00E1 alergick\u00E1 reakce, kter\u00E1 se t\u00E9m\u011B\u0159 v\u017Edy vyv\u00EDj\u00ED neo\u010Dek\u00E1van\u011B a m\u016F\u017Ee v\u00E9st k \u00FAmrt\u00ED v d\u016Fsledku obstrukce d\u00FDchac\u00EDch cest nebo selh\u00E1n\u00ED krevn\u00EDho ob\u011Bhu. K anafylaxi doch\u00E1z\u00ED vlivem odpov\u011Bdi na expozici alergenu, p\u0159i\u010Dem\u017E obvykle jde o reakci zprost\u0159edkovanou imunoglobuliny typu E, kter\u00E1 vede k aktivaci \u017E\u00EDrn\u00FDch bun\u011Bk a bazofi l\u016F a k rozvoji kombinace dermatologick\u00FDch, respira\u010Dn\u00EDch, kardiovaskul\u00E1rn\u00EDch, gastrointestin\u00E1ln\u00EDch a neurologick\u00FDch p\u0159\u00EDznak\u016F. Nej\u010Dast\u011Bji se vyskytuj\u00ED symptomy dermatologick\u00E9 (u 90 % epizod) a respira\u010Dn\u00ED (u 70 % epizod). T\u0159emi nejb\u011B\u017En\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDmi spou\u0161t\u011B\u010Di jsou slo\u017Eky potravy, bodnut\u00ED hmyzem a l\u00E9\u010Diva. Diagn\u00F3zu anafylaxe zpravidla stanov\u00EDme, pokud se p\u0159\u00EDznaky vyvinou b\u011Bhem jedn\u00E9 hodiny od expozice specifick\u00E9mu antigenu. Konfi rma\u010Dn\u00ED testy zam\u011B\u0159en\u00E9 na s\u00E9rov\u00E9 koncentrace histaminu a trypt\u00E1zy jsou obt\u00ED\u017En\u011B provediteln\u00E9, nebo\u0165 p\u0159i odb\u011Bru vzork\u016F krve je t\u0159eba p\u0159\u00EDsn\u011B posuzovat \u010Dasov\u00E9 souslednosti. Spolehliv\u011B predikovat, u koho se anafylaktick\u00E1 reakce vyvine, bohu\u017Eel nedok\u00E1\u017Eou ani ko\u017En\u00ED testy s vyu\u017Eit\u00EDm r\u016Fzn\u00FDch alergen\u016F \u010Di vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ED s\u00E9rov\u00FDch koncentrac\u00ED imunoglobulin\u016F E proti specifick\u00FDm alergen\u016Fm in vitro. Z\u00E1kladem l\u00E9\u010Dby je intramuskul\u00E1rn\u00ED aplikace adrenalinu na po\u010D\u00E1tku rozvoje anafylaxe p\u0159edt\u00EDm, ne\u017E se dostav\u00ED respira\u010Dn\u00ED selh\u00E1n\u00ED nebo ob\u011Bhov\u00E1 nedostate\u010Dnost. Tuto terapii lze vhodn\u011B doplnit antagonisty histaminov\u00FDch receptor\u016F H1 a kortikosteroidy. V\u0161ichni pacienti ohro\u017Een\u00ED recidivou anafylaxe by m\u011Bli b\u00FDt pou\u010Deni o pou\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1n\u00ED adrenalinov\u00FDch autoinjektor\u016F vyd\u00E1van\u00FDch na l\u00E9ka\u0159sk\u00FD p\u0159edpis." . . "1" . "N" . "122038" . . "Anafylaxe: diagnostika a l\u00E9\u010Dba"@cs . "RIV/00023884:_____/12:#0005068" . "1"^^ . . "CZ - \u010Cesk\u00E1 republika" . . "13" . . . . "1"^^ . "anaphylaxis, allergic reaction"@en . . . "3"^^ . "Petr\u016F, V\u00EDt" . . "[08288B3A9D82]" . "Anafylaxe: diagnostika a l\u00E9\u010Dba" . "RIV/00023884:_____/12:#0005068!RIV14-MZ0-00023884" . . "Anaphylaxis: diagnosis and treatment"@en . . . "Anafylaxe: diagnostika a l\u00E9\u010Dba"@cs . "Medic\u00EDna po promoci" . . "Anafylaxe: diagnostika a l\u00E9\u010Dba" . "Anaphylaxis: diagnosis and treatment"@en . "Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening, systemic allergic reaction that is almost always unanticipated and may lead to death by airway obstruction or vascular collapse. Anaphylaxis occurs as the result of an allergen response, usually immunoglobulin E mediated, which leads to mast cell and basophil activation and a combination of dermatologic, respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and neurologic symptoms. Dermatologic and respiratory symptoms are most common, occurring in 90 and 70 percent of episodes, respectively. The three most common triggers are food, insect stings, and medications. The diagnosis of anaphylaxis is typically made when symptoms occur within one hour of exposure to a specific antigen. Confi rmatory testing using serum histamine and tryptase levels is diffi cult, because blood samples must be drawn with strict time considerations. Allergen skin testing and in vitro assay for serum immunoglobulin E of specific allergens do not reliably predict who will develop anaphylaxis. Administration of intramuscular epinephrine at the onset of anaphylaxis, before respiratory failure or cardiovascular compromise, is essential. Histamine H1 receptor antagonists and corticosteroids may be useful adjuncts. All patients at risk of recurrent anaphylaxis should be educated about the appropriate use of prescription epinephrine autoinjectors."@en .