. . . . . "4"^^ . . "New insights into mechanisms of atrial fibrillation" . "13"^^ . "1" . "Aldhoon, Bashar" . "4"^^ . "Although atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice, precise mechanisms that lead to the onset and persistence of AF have not completely been elucidated. Over the last decade, outstanding progress has been made in understanding the complex pathophysiology of AF. The key role of ectopic foci in pulmonary veins as a trigger of AF has been recognized. Furthermore, structural remodeling was identified as the main mechanism for AF persistence, confirming predominant role of atrial fibrosis. Systemic inflammatory state, oxidative stress injury, autonomic balance and neurohormonal activation were discerned as important modifiers that affect AF susceptibility. This new understanding of AF pathophysiology has led to the emergence of novel therapies. Ablative interventions, renin-angiotensin system blockade, modulation of oxidative stress and targeting tissue fibrosis represent new approaches in tackling AF. This review aims to provide a brief summary of novel insights"@en . "Melenovsk\u00FD, Vojt\u011Bch" . . . "RIV/00023001:_____/10:00002200!RIV11-MZ0-00023001" . "Kautzner, Josef" . "Peichl, Petr" . . "New insights into mechanisms of atrial fibrillation" . . "274695" . "CZ - \u010Cesk\u00E1 republika" . "[4930034C0FE2]" . "Z(MZ0IKEM2005)" . . . . . "RIV/00023001:_____/10:00002200" . "New insights into mechanisms of atrial fibrillation"@en . . "New insights into mechanisms of atrial fibrillation"@en . "Although atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice, precise mechanisms that lead to the onset and persistence of AF have not completely been elucidated. Over the last decade, outstanding progress has been made in understanding the complex pathophysiology of AF. The key role of ectopic foci in pulmonary veins as a trigger of AF has been recognized. Furthermore, structural remodeling was identified as the main mechanism for AF persistence, confirming predominant role of atrial fibrosis. Systemic inflammatory state, oxidative stress injury, autonomic balance and neurohormonal activation were discerned as important modifiers that affect AF susceptibility. This new understanding of AF pathophysiology has led to the emergence of novel therapies. Ablative interventions, renin-angiotensin system blockade, modulation of oxidative stress and targeting tissue fibrosis represent new approaches in tackling AF. This review aims to provide a brief summary of novel insights" . . . "59" . . "0862-8408" . . . "Physiological Research" . "000276097000002" . "atrial fibrillation; triggers; Electrical remodeling; Structural remodeling; Fibrosis"@en .