. "0"^^ . "2008-02-01+01:00"^^ . "Sv\u011Bteln\u00E9 zne\u010Di\u0161t\u011Bn\u00ED v podm\u00EDnk\u00E1ch Slovensk\u00E9 a \u010Cesk\u00E9 republiky" . "0"^^ . . "1"^^ . "2010-06-30+02:00"^^ . "0"^^ . . "0"^^ . . "Light pollution in Slovakia and Czech Republic"@en . . . . "MEB080857" . " radiance transmition" . "V\u011Bt\u0161ina hv\u011Bzd vyza\u0159uje v prvn\u00EDm p\u0159ibl\u00ED\u017Een\u00ED jako absolutn\u011B \u010Dern\u00E9 t\u011Bleso (maj\u00ED spojit\u00E9 spektrum a vyza\u0159uj\u00ED podle Planckova z\u00E1kona). Hv\u011Bzdy jsou pova\u017Eovan\u00E9 za bodov\u00E9 zdroje, kter\u00E9 vyza\u0159uj\u00ED izotropn\u011B a jejich z\u00E1\u0159iv\u00FD v\u00FDkon se d\u00E1 formulovat v jednotk\u00E1ch z\u00E1\u0159iv\u00E9ho v\u00FDkonu Slunce. Z\u00E1\u0159iv\u00FD v\u00FDkon hv\u011Bzdy je mo\u017Eno po\u010D\u00EDtat ze zn\u00E1m\u00E9ho bolometrick\u00E9ho jasu. Z tradi\u010Dn\u00FDch d\u016Fvod\u016F se v\u0161ak v astronomii pou\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1 pojem hv\u011Bzdn\u00E9 velikosti, kter\u00E1 se m\u011B\u0159\u00ED v magnitud\u00E1ch. Kdy\u017E je detektor opat\u0159en\u00FD filtrem s k\u0159ivkou spektr\u00E1ln\u00ED citlivosti jako lidsk\u00E9 oko, budou m\u011B\u0159en\u00E9 veli\u010Diny ozna\u010Dovan\u00E9 za vizu\u00E1ln\u00ED. Na viditelnost hv\u011Bzd maj\u00ED vliv hlavn\u011B dva faktory. Z\u00E1\u0159en\u00ED hv\u011Bzd je v\u0161eobecn\u011B oslabov\u00E1no atmosf\u00E9rou (Minin, 1988) a charakter tohoto oslaben\u00ED se m\u016F\u017Ee v \u010Dase m\u011Bnit (Kocifaj a Luk\u00E1\u010D, 1998). Druh\u00FD faktor souvis\u00ED se zvy\u0161ov\u00E1n\u00EDm z\u00E1vojov\u00E9ho jasu oblohy vlivem rozptylu sv\u011Btla, kter\u00E9 m\u00E1 sv\u016Fj p\u016Fvod v pozemn\u00EDch sv\u011Bteln\u00FDch zdroj\u00EDch (Cinzano a kol., 2001). Zvy\u0161ov\u00E1n\u00ED mno\u017Estv\u00ED vyza\u0159ovan\u00E9ho sv\u011Btla (nap\u0159. nadm\u011Brn\u011B rostouc\u00ED urbanizac\u00ED, \u010Di industrializac\u00ED;" . . "V r\u00E1mci projetu KONTAKT byla vytvo\u0159ena skupina v\u011Bdeck\u00FDch pracovn\u00EDk\u016F a expert\u016F z praxe, co\u017E umo\u017Enilo komplexn\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED n\u00E1hled na kvantifikace ru\u0161iv\u00E9ho sv\u011Btla. Touto skupinou byl \u00FAsp\u011B\u0161n\u011B vytvo\u0159en a ov\u011B\u0159en teoretick\u00FD model pro m\u011B\u0159en\u00ED, v\u00FDpo\u010Dty a hodnocen\u00ED ru\u0161iv\u00E9ho sv\u011Btla."@cs . . "Most of stars radiate as a ideal black body (in first approximation). They have continuous spectrum and radiates by full (Planck) radiator. Stars are point light sources, which radiate isotropically and the radiating energy can be formulated in the units of the radiating enegy of the sun. Radiating energy of star can be solved from the known bolometric glare. Tradicionally is used unit star size in astronomic, and the unit is measured in magnitudes. When we will use human eye filter in the detectors, we will measured visual units. Visibility of the stars depend on two factors. Stars radiating generally decresed by atmosphere(Minin, 1988) and the character of this decreaseing can change in time(Kocifaj and Luk\u00E1\u010D, 1998). Second factor related together with increasing of veil glare of the sky, which rising from the earth light sources (Cinzano, 2001). Increasing of radiating light (for example - urbanizacion, industrializacion; Barducci, 2003) leads to background glares rising. That is why go down con"@en . . . . . . . "light pollution" . . "2009-03-09+01:00"^^ . . "2009-12-31+01:00"^^ . " difussion of light" . " night sky" . "http://www.isvav.cz/projectDetail.do?rowId=MEB080857"^^ . . "light pollution; radiance transmition; night sky; difussion of light; astronomical observation"@en . . "In terms of the project KONTAKT was created group of scientists and experts. This group could solve the light pollution problem more globally. By this group was successfully created and tested theoretic model for measurement, calculation and evaluation of the light pollution."@en .