. "2"^^ . "0"^^ . . "2013-06-28+02:00"^^ . "2"^^ . . "Meioza je u \u017Een charakterizov\u00E1na zv\u00FD\u0161en\u00FDm v\u00FDskytem poruch po\u010Dtu chromozom\u016F, kter\u00E9 vedou \u010Dasto k p\u0159ed\u010Dasn\u00E9mu ukon\u010Den\u00ED gestace. D\u011Blen\u00ED chromozom\u016F b\u011Bhem meiozy vy\u017Eaduje postupn\u00E9 odstran\u011Bn\u00ED kohezinu spojuj\u00EDc\u00EDho sestersk\u00E9 chromatidy. Kohezin na ramenech chromozom\u016F, kter\u00FD se \u00FA\u010Dastn\u00ED p\u0159i d\u011Blen\u00ED homologn\u00EDch chromozom\u016F, je odstran\u011Bn b\u011Bhem prvn\u00ED meiozy, zat\u00EDmco kohezin na centromer\u00E1ch je odstran\u011Bn b\u011Bhem druh\u00E9 meiozy. Enzym nazvan\u00FD separ\u00E1za, kter\u00FD proteolyticky \u0161t\u011Bp\u00ED kohezin, je ov\u0161em aktivn\u00ED b\u011Bhem obou d\u011Blen\u00ED. To znamen\u00E1, \u017Ee kohezin na centromer\u00E1ch mus\u00ED b\u00FDt proti \u0161t\u011Bpen\u00ED separ\u00E1zou chr\u00E1n\u011Bn b\u011Bhem prvn\u00ED meiozy. Teprve ned\u00E1vno bylo zji\u0161t\u011Bno, \u017Ee proteiny shugoshin (Sgo1) a fosfat\u00E1za 2A (PP2A) chr\u00E1n\u00ED kohezin na centromer\u00E1ch b\u011Bhem meiozy u kvasinek. C\u00EDlem na\u0161eho n\u00E1vrhu je prostudovat roli Sgo1 a PP2A a jejich interakce b\u011Bhem meiozy u my\u0161\u00EDch oocyt\u016F a p\u0159isp\u011Bt tak k objasn\u011Bn\u00ED molekul\u00E1rn\u00EDch mechanism\u016F, kter\u00E9 \u0159\u00EDd\u00ED d\u011Blen\u00ED chromozom\u016F v pr\u016Fb\u011Bhu meiozy u savc\u016F." . "2"^^ . " microinjection" . "2008-01-01+01:00"^^ . . . "It was discovered, that the spindle assembly checkpoint is important for faithful chromosome segregation in oocytes and also that porcine oocytes, in contrast to the human or mouse oocytes, do not show age-related increase of the frequency of aneuploidy."@en . "IAA501620801" . "meiotic cell division; cell division; in vitro culture; chromosomal aberation; mouse oocytes; chromosomes; cohesin; centromeres; phosphatase; separase; microinjection; cofocal microscopy"@en . " phosphatase" . . . . . " mouse oocytes" . " chromosomes" . "REGULACE D\u011ALEN\u00CD CHROMOZOM\u016E B\u011AHEM MEIOZY" . . "Meiosis in human is associated with a high incidence of errors leading to aneuploidy, a major cause of pregnancy loss. Accurate segregation of chromosomes in meiosis requires a sequential removal of cohesin holding sister chromatids together. The cohesin on chromosome arms, involved in the separation of homologues, is dissolved during first meiosis whereas centromeric cohesin is removed during second meiosis. However, separase is active in both divisions, therefore the centromeric cohesin must be refractory to the cleavage during meiosis I. Sgo1 and PP2A was recently linked to the protection of centromeric cohesion in yeast meiosis. We would like to elucidate the molecular mechanism of protection of centromeric cohesion during meiosis in mammals and study a role of Sgo1 and PP2A complex in the protection of centromeric cohesion in mouse oocytes. Our results will greatly aid understanding to the molecular mechanisms underlying chromosome segregation in mammalian meiosis."@en . " separase" . . " centromeres" . "Bylo zji\u0161t\u011Bno, \u017Ee kontroln\u00EDho mechanismu d\u011Bl\u00EDc\u00EDho v\u0159et\u00E9nka je d\u016Fle\u017Eit\u00FD pro spr\u00E1vnou segregaci chromozom\u016F v sav\u010D\u00EDch oocytech a \u017Ee oocyty prasat, na rozd\u00EDl od lidsk\u00FDch \u010Di my\u0161\u00EDch, nevykazuj\u00ED zv\u00FD\u0161enou frekvenci aneuploidi\u00ED v z\u00E1vislosti na v\u011Bku zv\u00ED\u0159ete."@cs . . . . " chromosomal aberation" . " cohesin" . . "http://www.isvav.cz/projectDetail.do?rowId=IAA501620801"^^ . "2010-03-09+01:00"^^ . " cell division" . . " in vitro culture" . "REGULATION OF CHROMOSOME SEGREGATION DURING MEIOSIS"@en . "2010-12-31+01:00"^^ . "meiotic cell division" . "1"^^ . . . .