. . . . "The existence and evolution of sex chromosomes is a basic question in evolutionary biology. The Y chromosome is a bizarre part of the genomes, non-recombining, what results in its degeneration and accumulation of repetitive DNA, mostly transposable elements. We will study dynamics of transposable elements on young sex chromosomes of dioecious plant Silene latifolia. First, we will characterize all abundant repetitive elements using our recent 454 sequencing data. Comparison of male and female genomes will reveal elements accumulated on the Y chromosome, what will be confirmed by FISH mapping. Comparison of transposable elements amplified on microdissected sex chromosomes combined with studies of their expression patterns will enable us to decide how active are elements on the sex chromosomes. Together with identification of transposable elements within genes on degenerating Y chromosome and determination of their age give us a detailed picture of the role of transposable elements in shaping genomic and transcriptomic landscape of the young degenerating Y chromosome."@en . "Vznik a evoluce pohlavn\u00EDch chromosom\u016F je jednou ze z\u00E1kladn\u00EDch ot\u00E1zek evolu\u010Dn\u00ED biologie. Unik\u00E1tn\u00ED je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm chromosom Y, p\u0159edstavuj\u00EDc\u00ED zvl\u00E1\u0161tn\u00ED \u010D\u00E1st genomu, kter\u00E1 nerekombinuje. V\u00FDsledkem je jeho degenerace a akumulace repetitivn\u00ED DNA, zejm\u00E9na transposon\u016F. Budeme studovat dynamiku transposon\u016F u mlad\u00FDch pohlavn\u00EDch chromosom\u016F dvoudom\u00E9 rostliny Silene latifolia. S pou\u017Eit\u00EDm na\u0161ich recentn\u00EDch dat z 454 sekvenov\u00E1n\u00ED budeme nejprve charakterizovat hlavn\u00ED repetitivn\u00ED elementy. Srovn\u00E1n\u00EDm sam\u010D\u00EDho a sami\u010D\u00EDho genomu odhal\u00EDme elementy akumulovan\u00E9 na chromosomu Y, co\u017E bude ov\u011B\u0159eno pomoc\u00ED FISH. Porovn\u00E1n\u00ED transposon\u016F amplifikovan\u00FDch na mikrodisektovan\u00FDch chromosomech, v kombinaci se sledov\u00E1n\u00EDm jejich exprese, n\u00E1m umo\u017En\u00ED zjistit, jak aktivn\u00ED jsou elementy nach\u00E1zej\u00EDc\u00ED se na pohlavn\u00EDch chromosomech. To n\u00E1m pak spolu s identifikac\u00ED transposon\u016F v genech na degeneruj\u00EDc\u00EDm chromosomu Y, a ur\u010Den\u00EDm jejich st\u00E1\u0159\u00ED, poskytne podrobn\u00FD obr\u00E1zek \u00FAlohy transposon\u016F ve formov\u00E1n\u00ED genomov\u00E9 a transkriptomov\u00E9 krajiny mlad\u00E9ho degeneruj\u00EDc\u00EDch chromosomu Y. Grant je pokra\u010Dov\u00E1n\u00EDm grantu GA\u010CR 204/05/2097." . . . "2015-05-22+02:00"^^ . "12"^^ . . . "2014-12-31+01:00"^^ . "12"^^ . "2014-03-31+02:00"^^ . . . "0"^^ . . "2010-01-01+01:00"^^ . . "1"^^ . . "Pohlavn\u00ED chromosomy a dynamika transposon\u016F" . . "Sex chromosomes and dynamics of transposable elements"@en . . . "The results of this project enhanced in a significant manner our knowledge of the evolution of sex chromosomes and the behaviour of dynamic components of plant genomes - transposons, microsatellites and promiscuous DNA. These data were published in 14 papers and one monograph chapter."@en . "http://www.isvav.cz/projectDetail.do?rowId=GAP305/10/0930"^^ . "V\u00FDsledky tohoto projektu z\u00E1sadn\u00EDm zp\u016Fsobem roz\u0161\u00ED\u0159ily na\u0161e znalosti o evoluci pohlavn\u00EDch chromozom\u016F a o chov\u00E1n\u00ED dynamick\u00FDch slo\u017Eek rostlinn\u00FDch genom\u016F \u2013 transposon\u016F, mikrosatelit\u016F a promiskuitn\u00ED DNA. Tato data byla publikov\u00E1na ve 14 \u010Dl\u00E1nc\u00EDch a jedn\u00E9 kapitole v zahrani\u010Dn\u00ED monografii."@cs . "sex chromosomes transposable elements expression degeneration"@en . "GAP305/10/0930" . . . "0"^^ .