"8"^^ . . "GA13-10057S" . "polyploidy, evolution, genome, chromosome, rDNA, mutation, homogenization, selection, next generation sequencing"@en . "http://www.isvav.cz/projectDetail.do?rowId=GA13-10057S"^^ . . . . "polyploidy" . . "Most, if not all, wild and cultivated plants are polyploids and have undergone at least one, and usually several cycles of genome duplication during the course of their evolution. Despite significant progress in our understanding of polyploid genomes many aspects of their evolution remain poorly understood. For over decades, the rRNA genes (rDNA) have been the most popular target region in the nuclear genome for evolutionary studies of diverse plant groups. We aim to determine the chromosome and unit organization and expression of rDNA in several groups of higher plants, particularly in a sample representing the allopolyploid (combination of interspecific hybridization with genome multiplication) species of recent origin. Using genomic, population genetics, and next-generation sequencing approaches we will assess the genetic and epigenetic plasticity of rDNA units. The objects of research will include both crop and natural populations of invasive species. The recently developed on-line database of rDNA loci will be continuously updated and analyzed." . "Structure, expression and evolution of ribosomal RNA genes in plant genomes: new approaches to old questions"@en . . " mutation" . . "2013-02-01+01:00"^^ . . "2015-04-23+02:00"^^ . . "2014-03-19+01:00"^^ . . "Struktura, exprese a evoluce gen\u016F pro ribosom\u00E1ln\u00ED RNA u rostlin: nov\u00FDmi p\u0159istupy k \u0159e\u0161en\u00ED star\u00FDch ot\u00E1zek" . . . " rDNA" . " homogenization" . "2016-12-31+01:00"^^ . "0"^^ . . "1"^^ . . . . " chromosome" . "0"^^ . "Polyplodie sehr\u00E1v\u00E1 v\u00FDznamnou \u00FAlohu v evoluci c\u00E9vnat\u00FDch rostlin v\u010Detn\u011B hospod\u00E1\u0159sky v\u00FDznamn\u00FDch plodin. V kombinaci s mezidruhovou hybridizac\u00ED (alopolyploidie) m\u016F\u017Ee vest ke vzniku nov\u00FDch biologick\u00FDch druh\u016F s odli\u0161n\u00FDmi fenotypy a adapta\u010Dn\u00EDmi schopnostmi. Navzdory pokroku v porozum\u011Bn\u00ED funkce a evoluce polyploidn\u00EDho genomu, mnoho z\u00E1sadn\u00EDch ot\u00E1zek z\u016Fst\u00E1v\u00E1 nejasn\u00FDch, z nich\u017E n\u011Bkter\u00E9 se pokus\u00EDme zodpov\u011Bd\u011Bt v navrhovan\u00E9m projektu. P\u0159edm\u011Btem v\u00FDzkumu budou geny pro ribosom\u00E1ln\u00ED RNA (rDNA), kter\u00E9 jsou esenci\u00E1ln\u00EDmi slo\u017Ekami v\u0161ech bun\u011Bk, a kter\u00E9 byly v minulosti p\u0159edm\u011Btem mnoha evolu\u010Dn\u00EDch a cytogenetick\u00FDch studi\u00ED. C\u00EDlem projektu je studovat jejich chromosom\u00E1ln\u00ED a jednotkovou organizaci a expresi v procesu alopolyplodie. Genetick\u00E1 a epigenetick\u00E1 plasticita rDNA bude analyzov\u00E1na metodami klasick\u00E9 molekul\u00E1rn\u00ED biologie a genomick\u00FDmi p\u0159\u00EDstupy v\u010Detn\u011B sekvena\u010Dn\u00EDch metod nov\u00E9 generace. P\u0159edm\u011Btem v\u00FDzkumu budou jak hospod\u00E1\u0159sk\u00E9 plodiny tak i p\u0159\u00EDrodn\u00ED populace invasivn\u00EDch alopolyploidn\u00EDch druh\u016F. Kone\u010Dn\u011B bude periodicky aktualizov\u00E1na a analyzov\u00E1na ve\u0159ejn\u011B p\u0159\u00EDstupn\u00E1 elektronick\u00E1 datab\u00E1ze rostlinn\u00FDch lokus\u016F rDNA."@en . " evolution" . . " selection" . " genome" . "8"^^ .