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Statements

Subject Item
n2:DB01624
rdf:type
n3:Drug
n3:description
Zuclopenthixol, also known as Zuclopentixol or Zuclopenthixolum, is an antipsychotic agent. Zuclopenthixol is a thioxanthene-based neuroleptic with therapeutic actions similar to the phenothiazine antipsychotics. It is an antagonist at D1 and D2 dopamine receptors. Major brands of zuclopenthixol are Cisordinol, Acuphase, and Clopixol. This drug is a liquid. This compound belongs to the thioxanthenes. These are organic polycyclic compounds containing a thioxanthene moiety, which is an aromatic tricycle derived from xanthene by replacing the oxygen atom with a sulfur atom. Known drug targets of zuclopenthixol include 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A, D(1B) dopamine receptor, D(2) dopamine receptor, D(1A) dopamine receptor, and alpha-1A adrenergic receptor. It is known that zuclopenthixol is metabolized by Cytochrome P450 2D6. Zuclopenthixol was approved for use in Canada in 2011, but is not approved for use in the United States.
n3:generalReferences
# Khalifa AE: Zuclopenthixol facilitates memory retrieval in rats: possible involvement of noradrenergic and serotonergic mechanisms. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2003 Jul;75(4):755-62. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12957216 # Fond G, Macgregor A, Tamouza R, Hamdani N, Meary A, Leboyer M, Dubremetz JF: Comparative analysis of anti-toxoplasmic activity of antipsychotic drugs and valproate. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2013 Jun 15. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23771405 # Jayakody K, Gibson RC, Kumar A, Gunadasa S: Zuclopenthixol acetate for acute schizophrenia and similar serious mental illnesses. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Apr 18;4:CD000525. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000525.pub3. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22513898 # Nielsen MK, Johansen SS: Simultaneous determination of 25 common pharmaceuticals in whole blood using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Anal Toxicol. 2012 Sep;36(7):497-506. doi: 10.1093/jat/bks054. Epub 2012 Jun 19. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22718540 # Khalifa AE: Pro-oxidant activity of zuclopenthixol in vivo: differential effect of the drug on brain oxidative status of scopolamine-treated rats. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2004 Aug;23(9):439-45. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15497819 # Hood S, Orr K, Bennett L, Davies S: Severe laryngeal dystonia in a patient receiving zuclopenthixol "Acuphase" and fluoxetine. Australas Psychiatry. 2010 Apr;18(2):174-6. doi: 10.3109/10398560903473686. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20175668 # http://medicaid.alabama.gov/documents/2.0_Newsroom/2.4_Procurement/2.4.3_Pharm_Support_ITB/2.4.3_Antipsychotic_Agents_Class_Review_8-10-11.pdf # http://www.mentalhealth.com/drug/p30-z03.html
n3:group
investigational approved
n3:halfLife
20 hours (range 12-28 hours) for the tablet form, 19 days for the depot form.
n3:indication
Used in the management of acute psychoses such as mania or schizophrenia. However, the use of zuclopenthixol acetate in psychiatric emergencies as an alternative to standard treatments (haloperidol, clotiapine, etc.) should be cautioned, since well executed and documented trials of zuclopenthixol acetate for this use have yet to be conducted. Zuclopenthixol acetate is not intended for long-term use.
owl:sameAs
n6:DB01624 n10:DB01624
dcterms:title
Zuclopenthixol
adms:identifier
n15:4470984 n17:46507341 n20:PA452629 n21:5311507 n22:Zuclopenthixol n23:DB01624 n24:D03556
n3:mechanismOfAction
Zuclopenthixol is a typical antipsychotic neuroleptic drug of the thioxanthene class. It mainly acts by antagonism of D1 and D2 dopamine receptors. Zuclopenthixol also has high affinity for alpha1-adrenergic and 5-HT2 receptors. It has weaker histamine H1 receptor blocking activity, and even lower affinity for muscarinic cholinergic and alpha2-adrenergic receptors.
n3:routeOfElimination
Primarily in the feces with approximately 10% in the urine.
n3:synonym
cis-Clopenthixol Zuclopenthixolum Zuclopentixol
n3:toxicity
Although there have not been any cases of overdosage reported, the symptoms are likely to be somnolence, coma, extrapyramidal symptoms, convulsions, hypotension, shock, or hyper- or hypothermia. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome may occur. Zuclopenthixol may potentiate anticholinergic effects of concurrent medications. Zuclopenthixol has a demonstrated antiemetic effect in animals, and may mask signs of toxicity due to other drug overdoses, or may mask symptoms of disease.
n3:volumeOfDistribution
20 L/kg.
n8:hasAHFSCode
n16:281608
n3:proteinBinding
98-99%
n3:salt
n18:hasConcept
n19:M0004623
foaf:page
n13:zuclopenthixol.html
n3:IUPAC-Name
n4:271B5D8A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:InChI
n4:271B5D90-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Molecular-Formula
n4:271B5D8F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Molecular-Weight
n4:271B5D8C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Monoisotopic-Weight
n4:271B5D8D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:SMILES
n4:271B5D8E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Water-Solubility
n4:271B5DA0-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5D88-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:logP
n4:271B5D86-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5D89-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:logS
n4:271B5D87-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:hasATCCode
n9:N05AF05
n3:H-Bond-Acceptor-Count
n4:271B5D96-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:H-Bond-Donor-Count
n4:271B5D97-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:InChIKey
n4:271B5D91-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Polar-Surface-Area--PSA-
n4:271B5D92-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Polarizability
n4:271B5D94-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Refractivity
n4:271B5D93-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Rotatable-Bond-Count
n4:271B5D95-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:absorption
Upon reaching the body water phase, the decanoate ester is slowly released from the oil depot, which is resultantly hydrolyzed to the active substance, zuclopenthixol. The decanoate ester provides a means of slow release since zuclopenthixol itself is a short-acting drug.
n3:affectedOrganism
Humans and other mammals
n3:casRegistryNumber
53772-83-1
n3:category
n3:clearance
approximately 0.9 L/min.
n3:containedIn
n11:271B5D85-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n11:271B5D84-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n11:271B5D82-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n11:271B5D83-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Bioavailability
n4:271B5D9C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Ghose-Filter
n4:271B5D9E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:MDDR-Like-Rule
n4:271B5D9F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Melting-Point
n4:271B5DA1-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Number-of-Rings
n4:271B5D9B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Physiological-Charge
n4:271B5D9A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Rule-of-Five
n4:271B5D9D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Traditional-IUPAC-Name
n4:271B5D8B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:pKa--strongest-acidic-
n4:271B5D98-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:pKa--strongest-basic-
n4:271B5D99-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5