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Namespace Prefixes

PrefixIRI
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Statements

Subject Item
n2:DB01362
rdf:type
n8:Drug
n8:description
Iohexol is an effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality. [PubChem]
n8:dosage
n19:271B4271-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n19:271B4272-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n19:271B4270-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n19:271B4273-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n19:271B4274-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n19:271B4275-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n19:271B4276-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n19:271B4277-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n19:271B4278-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n19:271B4279-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n19:271B427A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n19:271B426F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:generalReferences
# Kawada TK: Iohexol and iopamidol: second-generation nonionic radiographic contrast media. Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 1985 Jul-Aug;19(7-8):525-9. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3896713 # Shaw DD, Potts DG: Toxicology of iohexol. Invest Radiol. 1985 Jan-Feb;20(1 Suppl):S10-3. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3882609
n8:group
approved
n8:halfLife
Intrathecal half-life is 3.4 hours (mean). Intravascular is approximately 2 hours (with normal renal function).
n8:indication
Iohexol ia used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures.
owl:sameAs
n4:DB01362 n21:DB01362
dcterms:title
Iohexol
adms:identifier
n6:PA450061 n7:3730 n12:0407-1401-50 n13:3599 n14:DB01362 n17:46506178 n18:Iohexol
n8:mechanismOfAction
Organic iodine compounds block x-rays as they pass through the body, thereby allowing body structures containing iodine to be delineated in contrast to those structures that do not contain iodine. The degree of opacity produced by these compounds is directly proportional to the total amount (concentration and volume) of the iodinated contrast agent in the path of the x-rays. After intrathecal administration into the subarachnoid space, diffusion of iohexol in the CSF allows the visualization of the subarachnoid spaces of the head and spinal canal. After intravascular administration, iohexol makes opaque those vessels in its path of flow, allowing visualization of the internal structures until significant hemodilution occurs.
n8:packager
n22:271B4262-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n22:271B4263-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n22:271B4261-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:routeOfElimination
Iohexol is absorbed from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the bloodstream and is eliminated by renal excretion. No significant metabolism, deiodination, or biotransformation occurs.
n8:synonym
Iohexolum N,N'-Bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-5-(N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido)-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalamide
n8:toxicity
Non-ionic radiocontrast agents like iohexol are cytotoxic to renal cells. The toxic effects include apoptosis, cellular energy failure, disruption of calcium homeostasis, and disturbance of tubular cell polarity, and are thought to be linked to oxidative stress.
n8:volumeOfDistribution
* 350-849 mL/kg
n10:hasAHFSCode
n20:36-68-00
n8:synthesisReference
Xiu C. Wang, Steve A. Chamberlin, Ashok V. Bhatia, Gregg E. Robinson, John Hufnagel, "Process for the preparation of iohexol." U.S. Patent US5705692, issued December, 1985.
n8:IUPAC-Name
n16:271B427F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:InChI
n16:271B4285-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:Molecular-Formula
n16:271B4284-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:Molecular-Weight
n16:271B4281-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:Monoisotopic-Weight
n16:271B4282-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:SMILES
n16:271B4283-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:Water-Solubility
n16:271B427D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:logP
n16:271B4296-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n16:271B427B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n16:271B427E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:logS
n16:271B427C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n10:hasATCCode
n11:V08AB02
n8:H-Bond-Acceptor-Count
n16:271B428B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:H-Bond-Donor-Count
n16:271B428C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:InChIKey
n16:271B4286-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:Polar-Surface-Area--PSA-
n16:271B4287-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:Polarizability
n16:271B4289-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:Refractivity
n16:271B4288-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:Rotatable-Bond-Count
n16:271B428A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:absorption
Small amounts are absorbed through the bladder via intravesical instillation. Following intrauterine instillation, the majority of the medium within the uterine cavity is discharged into the vagina immediately upon termination of procedure. However, any medium retained in the uterine or peritoneal cavity is absorbed systemically within 60 minutes. May not be absorbed for up to 24 hours if tubes are obstructed and dilated.
n8:affectedOrganism
Humans and other mammals
n8:casRegistryNumber
66108-95-0
n8:category
n8:clearance
* 109 mL/min [Adult patients receiving 16-18 ml of iohexol (180 mgI/mL) by lumbar intrathecal injection]
n8:containedIn
n9:271B426B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n9:271B426A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n9:271B426D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n9:271B4264-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n9:271B4265-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n9:271B4268-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n9:271B4269-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n9:271B4266-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n9:271B4267-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n9:271B426E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n9:271B426C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:Bioavailability
n16:271B4291-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:Ghose-Filter
n16:271B4293-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:MDDR-Like-Rule
n16:271B4294-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:Melting-Point
n16:271B4295-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:Number-of-Rings
n16:271B4290-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:Physiological-Charge
n16:271B428F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:Rule-of-Five
n16:271B4292-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:Traditional-IUPAC-Name
n16:271B4280-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:pKa--strongest-acidic-
n16:271B428D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n8:pKa--strongest-basic-
n16:271B428E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5