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Namespace Prefixes

PrefixIRI
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n3http://linked.opendata.cz/ontology/drugbank/
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n23http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB01076/identifier/national-drug-code-directory/
n13http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/atc/
n11http://linked.opendata.cz/ontology/sukl/drug/

Statements

Subject Item
n2:DB01076
rdf:type
n3:Drug
n3:description
Atorvastatin (Lipitor) is a member of the drug class known as statins. It is used for lowering cholesterol. Atorvastatin is a competitive inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, the rate-determining enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis via the mevalonate pathway. HMG-CoA reductase catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate. Atorvastatin acts primarily in the liver. Decreased hepatic cholesterol levels increases hepatic uptake of cholesterol and reduces plasma cholesterol levels.
n3:dosage
n7:271B617B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n7:271B617C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n7:271B617D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n7:271B617E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n7:271B6180-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n7:271B6181-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n7:271B6182-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n7:271B6183-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n7:271B6184-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n7:271B6185-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n7:271B617F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:generalReferences
# Rouleau J: Improved outcome after acute coronary syndromes with an intensive versus standard lipid-lowering regimen: results from the Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection Therapy-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 22 (PROVE IT-TIMI 22) trial. Am J Med. 2005 Dec;118 Suppl 12A:28-35. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16356805 # Maggon K: Best-selling human medicines 2002-2004. Drug Discov Today. 2005 Jun 1;10(11):739-42. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15922927 # "DailyMed FDA Label":http://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/lookup.cfm?setid=6ccdb6f3-22c7-5b48-46bc-ce4a4c65eb4d#PHARMACOKINETICS
n3:group
approved
n3:halfLife
14 hours, but half-life of HMG-CoA inhibitor activity is 20-30 hours due to longer-lived active metabolites
n3:indication
May be used as primary prevention in individuals with multiple risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) and as secondary prevention in individuals with CHD to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, angina, and revascularization procedures. May be used to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). May be used in the treatment of primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia, homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, primary dysbetalipoproteinemia, and/or hypertriglyeridemia as an adjunct to dietary therapy to decrease serum total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein B (apoB), and triglyceride concentrations, while increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels.
owl:sameAs
n19:DB01076 n29:DB01076
dcterms:title
Atorvastatin
adms:identifier
n15:117 n16:PA448500 n20:Atorvastatin n21:D07474 n22:C06834 n23:0071-0155-23 n24:DB01076 n25:22164 n26:2910
n3:mechanismOfAction
Atorvastatin selectively and competitively inhibits the hepatic enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. As HMG-CoA reductase is responsible for converting HMG-CoA to mevalonate in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, this results in a subsequent decrease in hepatic cholesterol levels. Decreased hepatic cholesterol levels stimulates upregulation of hepatic LDL-C receptors which increases hepatic uptake of LDL-C and reduces serum LDL-C concentrations.
n3:packager
n8:271B615E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6159-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B615A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6157-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6158-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B615D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B615B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B615C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6156-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6154-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6155-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6153-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6169-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B616A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6167-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6168-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B616D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B616E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B616B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B616C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6161-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6162-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B615F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6160-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6165-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6166-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6163-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6164-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6171-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6172-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B616F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n8:271B6170-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:patent
n6:2220018 n6:2521776 n6:4681893 n6:5969156
n3:routeOfElimination
Eliminated primarily in bile after hepatic and/or extrahepatic metabolism. Does not appear to undergo significant enterohepatic recirculation. Less than 2% of the orally administered dose is recovered in urine.
n3:synonym
Lipovastatinklonal
n3:toxicity
Generally well-tolerated. Side effects may include myalgia, constipation, asthenia, abdominal pain, and nausea. Other possible side effects include myotoxicity (myopathy, myositis, rhabdomyolysis) and hepatotoxicity. To avoid toxicity in Asian patients, lower doses should be considered.
n3:volumeOfDistribution
381 L
n11:hasAHFSCode
n12:24-06-08
n3:foodInteraction
Avoid drastic changes in dietary habit. Take with low fat meal. Avoid alcohol. Food may decrease maximum plasma levels and area under the curve, but this is clinically inconsequential according to the manufacturer. Avoid taking grapefruit or grapefruit juice throughout treatment. Grapefruit can significantly increase serum levels of this product.
n3:mixture
n5:271B6152-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n5:271B6151-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:proteinBinding
>98% bound to plasma proteins
n3:salt
n3:synthesisReference
Zlatko Pflaum, "Process for the preparation of amorphous atorvastatin." U.S. Patent US20020183527, issued December 05, 2002.
foaf:page
n10:atorvastatin.html n27:lip1230.shtml n28:atorvastatin.htm
n3:IUPAC-Name
n4:271B618A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:InChI
n4:271B6190-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Molecular-Formula
n4:271B618F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Molecular-Weight
n4:271B618C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Monoisotopic-Weight
n4:271B618D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:SMILES
n4:271B618E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Water-Solubility
n4:271B6188-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B61A0-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:logP
n4:271B6186-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B6189-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B61A2-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:logS
n4:271B6187-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n11:hasATCCode
n13:C10AA05
n3:H-Bond-Acceptor-Count
n4:271B6196-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:H-Bond-Donor-Count
n4:271B6197-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:InChIKey
n4:271B6191-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Polar-Surface-Area--PSA-
n4:271B6192-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Polarizability
n4:271B6194-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Refractivity
n4:271B6193-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Rotatable-Bond-Count
n4:271B6195-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:absorption
Atorvastatin is rapidly absorbed after oral administration with maximum plasma concentrations achieved in 1 to 2 hours. The absolute bioavailability of atorvastatin (parent drug) is approximately 14% and the systemic availability of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitory activity is approximately 30%. The low systemic bioavailability is due to presystemic clearance by gastrointestinal mucosa and first-pass metabolism in the liver.
n3:affectedOrganism
Humans and other mammals
n3:casRegistryNumber
134523-00-5
n3:category
n3:containedIn
n17:271B6178-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n17:271B6176-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n17:271B6177-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n17:271B6174-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n17:271B6175-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n17:271B6173-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n17:271B6179-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n17:271B617A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Bioavailability
n4:271B619C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Ghose-Filter
n4:271B619E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:MDDR-Like-Rule
n4:271B619F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Melting-Point
n4:271B61A1-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Number-of-Rings
n4:271B619B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Physiological-Charge
n4:271B619A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Rule-of-Five
n4:271B619D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Traditional-IUPAC-Name
n4:271B618B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:pKa--strongest-acidic-
n4:271B6198-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:pKa--strongest-basic-
n4:271B6199-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5