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Namespace Prefixes

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Statements

Subject Item
n2:DB00681
rdf:type
n3:Drug
n3:description
Amphotericin B shows a high order of in vitro activity against many species of fungi. Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidioides immitis, Candida species, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Rhodotorula, Cryptococcus neoformans, Sporothrix schenckii, Mucor mucedo, and Aspergillus fumigatus are all inhibited by concentrations of amphotericin B ranging from 0.03 to 1.0 mcg/mL in vitro. While Candida albicans is generally quite susceptible to amphotericin B, non-albicans species may be less susceptible. Pseudallescheria boydii and Fusarium sp. are often resistant to amphotericin B. The antibiotic is without effect on bacteria, rickettsiae, and viruses.
n3:dosage
n25:271B434B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n25:271B434C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n25:271B4347-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n25:271B4348-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n25:271B4349-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n25:271B434A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n25:271B4346-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:group
investigational approved
n3:halfLife
An elimination half-life of approximately 15 days follows an initial plasma half-life of about 24 hours.
n3:indication
Used to treat potentially life threatening fungal infections.
n3:manufacturer
n18:271B4339-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B433A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B4337-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B4338-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B433B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B4336-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B433E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B433D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B433C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
owl:sameAs
n28:DB00681 n29:DB00681
dcterms:title
Amphotericin B
adms:identifier
n7:C06573 n8:D00203 n9:DB00681 n10:5280965 n11:46505473 n12:0469-3051-30 n13:PA448415 n17:14245 n24:Amphotericin_B
n3:mechanismOfAction
Amphotericin B is fungistatic or fungicidal depending on the concentration obtained in body fluids and the susceptibility of the fungus. The drug acts by binding to sterols (ergosterol) in the cell membrane of susceptible fungi. This creates a transmembrane channel, and the resultant change in membrane permeability allowing leakage of intracellular components. Ergosterol, the principal sterol in the fungal cytoplasmic membrane, is the target site of action of amphotericin B and the azoles. Amphotericin B, a polyene, binds irreversibly to ergosterol, resulting in disruption of membrane integrity and ultimately cell death.
n3:packager
n18:271B4327-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B4328-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B4331-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B4332-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B4334-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B432F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B4335-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B4330-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B4329-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B432D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B4333-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B432E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B432B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B432C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n18:271B432A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:patent
n30:5874104 n30:5965156 n30:1336890 n30:1339008
n3:synonym
AMPH-b Amphotericin B C-AmB Liposomal amphotericin b Amphotéricine B Amphotericinum B Amfotericina B
n3:toxicity
Oral, rat: LD<sub>50</sub> = >5 gm/kg. Amphotericin B overdoses can result in cardio-respiratory arrest.
n19:hasAHFSCode
n20:08-14-28
n3:mixture
n14:271B4325-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4322-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4326-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4323-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4324-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:proteinBinding
Highly bound (&gt;90%) to plasma proteins.
n3:salt
n3:synthesisReference
Frank Sipos, "Process for producing the methyl ester of amphotericin B." U.S. Patent US4035567, issued March, 1976.
n15:hasConcept
n16:M0001021
foaf:page
n22:amphotericin-b.html n26:amphoter.htm
n3:IUPAC-Name
n5:271B4351-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:InChI
n5:271B4357-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Molecular-Formula
n5:271B4356-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Molecular-Weight
n5:271B4353-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Monoisotopic-Weight
n5:271B4354-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:SMILES
n5:271B4355-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Water-Solubility
n5:271B434F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n5:271B4367-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:logP
n5:271B4369-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n5:271B4350-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n5:271B434D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:logS
n5:271B434E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n19:hasATCCode
n23:A07AA07 n23:J02AA01 n23:G01AA03 n23:A01AB04
n3:H-Bond-Acceptor-Count
n5:271B435D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:H-Bond-Donor-Count
n5:271B435E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:InChIKey
n5:271B4358-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Polar-Surface-Area--PSA-
n5:271B4359-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Polarizability
n5:271B435B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Refractivity
n5:271B435A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Rotatable-Bond-Count
n5:271B435C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:absorption
Bioavailability is 100% for intravenous infusion.
n3:affectedOrganism
Various Fungus Species
n3:casRegistryNumber
1397-89-3
n3:category
n3:clearance
* 39 +/- 22 mL/hr/kg [febrile neutropenic cancer and bone marrow transplant patients receiving infusion of 1 mg/kg/day at Day 1] * 17 +/- 6 mL/hr/kg [febrile neutropenic cancer and bone marrow transplant patients receiving infusion of 1 mg/kg/day 3-20 days later] * 51 +/- 44 mL/hr/kg [febrile neutropenic cancer and bone marrow transplant patients receiving infusion of 2.5 mg/kg/day at Day 1] * 22 +/- 15 mL/hr/kg [febrile neutropenic cancer and bone marrow transplant patients receiving infusion of 2.5 mg/kg/day 3-20 days later] * 21 +/- 14 mL/hr/kg [febrile neutropenic cancer and bone marrow transplant patients receiving infusion of 5 mg/kg/day at Day 1] * 11 +/- 6 mL/hr/kg [febrile neutropenic cancer and bone marrow transplant patients receiving infusion of 5 mg/kg/day 3-20 days later]
n3:containedIn
n4:271B4341-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B433F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4344-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4345-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4342-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4343-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4340-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Bioavailability
n5:271B4363-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Ghose-Filter
n5:271B4365-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:MDDR-Like-Rule
n5:271B4366-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Melting-Point
n5:271B4368-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Number-of-Rings
n5:271B4362-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Physiological-Charge
n5:271B4361-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Rule-of-Five
n5:271B4364-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Traditional-IUPAC-Name
n5:271B4352-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:pKa--strongest-acidic-
n5:271B435F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:pKa--strongest-basic-
n5:271B4360-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5