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Namespace Prefixes

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Statements

Subject Item
n2:DB00431
rdf:type
n5:Drug
n5:description
An organochlorine insecticide that has been used as a pediculicide and a scabicide. Lindane has been banned in California, United Kingdom, Australia, and many western countries due to concerns about neurotoxicity and adverse effects on the environment. In Canada, Lindane is not recommmended as a first-line therapy due to reports of resistance, neurotoxicity, and bone marrow suppression, but has been approved by the FDA as a second-line therapy for topical treatment of pediculosis capitis (head lice), pediculosis pubis (pubic lice), or scabies in patients greater than two years of age who cannot tolerate or have failed first-line treatment. Lindane is still allowed for pharmaceutical use until 2015.
n5:dosage
n20:271B4CBD-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n20:271B4CBE-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:generalReferences
# Brown VJ: Life after lindane in California. Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Mar;116(3):A128. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18335087 # Strong M, Johnstone PW: Interventions for treating scabies. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Jul 18;(3):CD000320. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17636630
n5:group
approved withdrawn
n5:halfLife
18 hours
n5:indication
For the treatment of patients infested with Sarcoptes scabiei or pediculosis capitis who have either failed to respond to adequate doses, or are intolerant of other approved therapies.
n5:manufacturer
n14:271B4CB9-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4CB7-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4CB8-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4CB5-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4CB6-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
owl:sameAs
n8:DB00431 n26:DB00431
dcterms:title
Lindane
adms:identifier
n11:DB00431 n12:32888 n13:45068-100-01 n15:C07075 n16:D00360 n17:PA164754914 n18:Lindane
n5:mechanismOfAction
Lindane is an organochloride insecticide that has similar neurotoxic protperties to DDT. It exerts its parasiticidal action by being directly absorbed through the parasite's exoskeleton (primarily lice, or scabies) and their ova. The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA(1)) receptor/chloride ionophore complex is the primary site of action for lindane, and other insecticides such as endosulfan, and fipronil. Blockage of the GABA-gated chloride channel reduces neuronal inhibition, which leads to hyperexcitation of the central nervous system. This results in paralysis, convulsions, and death. Lindane has very low ovicidal activity.
n5:packager
n14:271B4CB3-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4CB4-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4CB1-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4CB2-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4CAF-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4CB0-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4CAD-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4CAE-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4CAB-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4CAC-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4CA9-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n14:271B4CAA-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:synonym
gamma-HCH Lindan γ-hexachlorocyclohexane Benzene hexachloride gamma-Benzene hexachloride Gammallin 1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane gamma-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane (1R,2c,3t,4c,5c,6t)-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane (1alpha,2alpha,3beta,4alpha,5alpha,6beta)-1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane gamma-Hexachlorzyklohexan γ-lindane Kwell Gammaxene gamma-BHC gamma-Lindane γ-Hexachlorzyklohexan gamma-Hexachlorocyclohexane
n5:toxicity
Lindane is a moderately toxic compound via oral exposure, with a reported oral LD<sub>50</sub> of 88 to 190 mg/kg in rats. Gamma-HCH (which constitutes 99% of lindane) is generally considered to be the most acutely toxic of the isomers following single administration. It is moderately toxic via the dermal route as well, with reported dermal LD<sub>50</sub> values of 500 to 1000 mg/kg in rats, 300 mg/kg in mice, 400 mg/kg in guinea pigs, and 300 mg/kg in rabbits. Acute exposure to lindane may lead to central nervous system stimulation (usually developing within 1 hour), mental/motor impairment, excitation, clonic (intermittent) and tonic (continuous) convulsion. Other adverse reactions include central nervous system toxicity, as well as skin and gastrointestinal changes.
n23:hasAHFSCode
n24:84-04-12 n24:84-04-92
n5:mixture
n19:271B4CA8-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:proteinBinding
91%
n27:hasConcept
n28:M0002334
foaf:page
n4:lindane-lotion.html n9:lindane.htm
n5:IUPAC-Name
n6:271B4CC3-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:InChI
n6:271B4CC9-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:Molecular-Formula
n6:271B4CC8-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:Molecular-Weight
n6:271B4CC5-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:Monoisotopic-Weight
n6:271B4CC6-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:SMILES
n6:271B4CC7-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:Water-Solubility
n6:271B4CD7-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B4CC1-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:logP
n6:271B4CDA-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B4CBF-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B4CC2-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:logS
n6:271B4CC0-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n23:hasATCCode
n25:P03AB02
n5:H-Bond-Acceptor-Count
n6:271B4CCF-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:H-Bond-Donor-Count
n6:271B4CD0-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:InChIKey
n6:271B4CCA-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:Polar-Surface-Area--PSA-
n6:271B4CCB-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:Polarizability
n6:271B4CCD-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:Refractivity
n6:271B4CCC-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:Rotatable-Bond-Count
n6:271B4CCE-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:absorption
Lindane is absorbed significantly through the skin. A mean peak blood concentration of 28 nanograms per mL occurred in infants and children 6 hours after total body application of lindane lotion for scabies.
n5:affectedOrganism
Scabies (Sarcoptes scabei) and other insects
n5:casRegistryNumber
58-89-9
n5:category
n5:containedIn
n21:271B4CBB-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B4CBC-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B4CBA-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:Bioavailability
n6:271B4CD3-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:Boiling-Point
n6:271B4CD9-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:Ghose-Filter
n6:271B4CD5-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:MDDR-Like-Rule
n6:271B4CD6-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:Melting-Point
n6:271B4CD8-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:Number-of-Rings
n6:271B4CD2-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:Physiological-Charge
n6:271B4CD1-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:Rule-of-Five
n6:271B4CD4-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:Traditional-IUPAC-Name
n6:271B4CC4-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5