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Namespace Prefixes

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Statements

Subject Item
n2:DB00332
rdf:type
n3:Drug
n3:description
A muscarinic antagonist structurally related to atropine but often considered safer and more effective for inhalation use. It is used for various bronchial disorders, in rhinitis, and as an antiarrhythmic. [PubChem]
n3:dosage
n21:271B5797-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B5793-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B5794-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B5795-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B5796-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B578F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B5790-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B5791-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B5792-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:generalReferences
# Yamatake Y, Sasagawa S, Yanaura S, Okamiya Y: [Antiallergic asthma effect of ipatropium bromide (Sch 1000) in dogs (author's transl)] Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 1977 Oct;73(7):785-91. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/145994
n3:group
approved
n3:halfLife
2-4 hours after administration orally, IV or by oral inhalation (radiolabeled ipratropium bromide assay measures parent drug and its metabolites). Using a radioreceptor assay that measures only unchanged ipratropium bromide, the initial distribution-phase half-life (t<sub>1/2 &alpha;</sub>) and terminal elimination-phase half-life (t<sub>1/2 &beta;</sub>) were 0.07 and 1.6 hours, respectively, following a single 2 mg IV dose of the drug in healthy adults.
n3:indication
For maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
n3:manufacturer
n4:271B5773-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5774-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5779-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B577A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5777-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5778-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B577B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5771-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5772-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B576F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5770-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5775-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5776-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
owl:sameAs
n12:DB00332 n29:DB00332
dcterms:title
Ipratropium bromide
adms:identifier
n8:DB00332 n9:46659 n10:C07052 n13:0487-9801-25 n14:325 n15:325 n18:PA450082 n30:Ipratropium
n3:mechanismOfAction
Ipratropium bromide is an anticholinergic agent. It blocks muscarinic cholinergic receptors, without specificity for subtypes, resulting in a decrease in the formation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Most likely due to actions of cGMP on intracellular calcium, this results in decreased contractility of smooth muscle.
n3:packager
n4:271B5755-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5756-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5753-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5754-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5765-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5766-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5763-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5764-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5761-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5762-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B575F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5760-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B575D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B575E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B575B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B575C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5759-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B575A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5757-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5758-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B576D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B576E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B576B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B576C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5769-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B576A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5767-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B5768-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:patent
n16:6739333 n16:2151383 n16:5766573
n3:routeOfElimination
Primarily eliminated renally via active secretion.
n3:synonym
Ipratropium bromide (anhydrous) 3alpha-Hydroxy-8-isopropyl-1alphah,5alphah-tropanium bromide (+-)-tropate (Endo,syn)-(+-)-3-(3-hydroxy-1-oxo-2-phenylpropoxy)-8-methyl-8-(1-methylethyl)-8-azoniabicyclo[3.2.1]octane bromide Bromuro de ipratropio Ipratropium bromide anhydrous N-Isopropylnoratropinium bromomethylate Ipratropiumbromid Bromure d'ipratropium 8-Isopropylnoratropine methobromide Ipratropii bromidum
n3:toxicity
LD<sub>50</sub>=1001mg/kg (orally in mice)
n3:volumeOfDistribution
* 4.6 L/kg
n24:hasAHFSCode
n26:12-08-08
n3:mixture
n17:271B5750-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n17:271B5751-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n17:271B574E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n17:271B574F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n17:271B5752-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:proteinBinding
Minimally (0 to 9% in vitro) bound to plasma albumin and &alpha;1-acid glycoproteins
n3:salt
n3:synthesisReference
# Abdine HH, Belala F, and Al-Badra AA. (2003). Ipratropium bromide: Methods of chemical and biochemical synthesis. In H.G. Brittain (Ed.). _Profiles of drug substances, excipients and related methodology_ (pp. 85-99). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier Academic Press.
n22:hasConcept
n23:M0330049
foaf:page
n20:ipratrop.htm n28:ipratropium-nasal.html
n3:IUPAC-Name
n5:271B579C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:InChI
n5:271B57A2-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Molecular-Formula
n5:271B57A1-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Molecular-Weight
n5:271B579E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Monoisotopic-Weight
n5:271B579F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:SMILES
n5:271B57A0-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Water-Solubility
n5:271B57B2-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n5:271B579A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:logP
n5:271B5798-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n5:271B579B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:logS
n5:271B5799-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n24:hasATCCode
n25:R03BB01 n25:R01AX03
n3:H-Bond-Acceptor-Count
n5:271B57A8-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:H-Bond-Donor-Count
n5:271B57A9-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:InChIKey
n5:271B57A3-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Polar-Surface-Area--PSA-
n5:271B57A4-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Polarizability
n5:271B57A6-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Refractivity
n5:271B57A5-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Rotatable-Bond-Count
n5:271B57A7-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:absorption
Inhalation (local)-minimal; Nasal-rapid and minimal
n3:affectedOrganism
Humans and other mammals
n3:casRegistryNumber
60205-81-4
n3:category
n3:clearance
* 2.3 L/min (total clearance of active ingredient)
n3:containedIn
n6:271B578E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B578C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B578D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B578A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B578B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B5788-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B5789-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B5786-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B5787-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B5784-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B5785-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B5782-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B5783-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B5780-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B5781-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B577E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B577F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B577C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n6:271B577D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Bioavailability
n5:271B57AE-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Ghose-Filter
n5:271B57B0-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:MDDR-Like-Rule
n5:271B57B1-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Melting-Point
n5:271B57B3-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Number-of-Rings
n5:271B57AD-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Physiological-Charge
n5:271B57AC-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Rule-of-Five
n5:271B57AF-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Traditional-IUPAC-Name
n5:271B579D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:pKa--strongest-acidic-
n5:271B57AA-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:pKa--strongest-basic-
n5:271B57AB-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5