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Namespace Prefixes

PrefixIRI
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Statements

Subject Item
n2:DB00284
rdf:type
n3:Drug
n3:description
An inhibitor of alpha glucosidase that retards the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates in the small intestine and hence reduces the increase in blood-glucose concentrations after a carbohydrate load. It is given orally to non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients where diet modification or oral hypoglycemic agents do not control their condition. (From Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)
n3:dosage
n7:271B49A9-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n7:271B49AA-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n7:271B49A8-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:generalReferences
# Clissold SP, Edwards C: Acarbose. A preliminary review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential. Drugs. 1988 Mar;35(3):214-43. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3286212 # FDA label
n3:group
investigational approved
n3:halfLife
Healthy volunteers = 2 hours
n3:indication
For treatment and management of diabetes type II (used in combination therapy as a second or third line agent)
n3:manufacturer
n21:271B499A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B499B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B4999-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B499C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
owl:sameAs
n11:DB00284 n28:DB00284
dcterms:title
Acarbose
adms:identifier
n15:389971 n16:DB00284 n17:2376 n18:D00216 n19:16252-523-01 n20:C06802 n22:46508248 n23:PA448010 n24:441184 n26:Acarbose
n3:mechanismOfAction
Acarbose reversibly bind to pancreatic alpha-amylase and membrane-bound intestinal alpha-glucoside hydrolases. These enzymes inhibit hydrolysis of complex starches to oligosaccharides in the lumen of the small intestine and hydrolysis of oligosaccharides, trisaccharides, and disaccharides to glucose and other monosaccharides in the brush border of the small intestine.
n3:packager
n21:271B4998-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B4996-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B4997-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B4994-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B4995-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B4992-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B4993-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B4990-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B4991-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B498E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B498F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n21:271B498D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:routeOfElimination
The fraction of acarbose that is absorbed as intact drug is almost completely excreted by the kidneys. A fraction of the metabolites (approximately 34% of the dose) was absorbed and subsequently excreted in the urine. The active metabolite is excreted into the urine and accounts for less than 2% of the total administered dose. When given intravenously, 89% of the dose was excreted into the urine as the active drug. When given orally, less than 2% of the oral dose was recovered into the urine as active (parent compound and active metabolite) drug.
n3:synonym
Glucobay Precose Acarbosum Acarbosa Acarbose
n3:toxicity
Gastrointestinal symptoms are the most common reactions to acarbose.
n5:hasAHFSCode
n12:68-20-02
n3:foodInteraction
Take with food, at beginning of each meal.
n3:synthesisReference
Anneliese Crueger, Wolfgang Piepersberg, Jurgen Distler, Ansgar Stratmann, "Acarbose biosynthesis genes from actinoplanes sp., process for the isolation thereof and the use thereof." U.S. Patent US5753501, issued December, 1977.
foaf:page
n9:acarbose.html n25:acarbose.htm
n3:IUPAC-Name
n4:271B49AF-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:InChI
n4:271B49B5-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Molecular-Formula
n4:271B49B4-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Molecular-Weight
n4:271B49B1-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Monoisotopic-Weight
n4:271B49B2-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:SMILES
n4:271B49B3-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Water-Solubility
n4:271B49AD-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:logP
n4:271B49C5-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B49AB-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B49AE-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:logS
n4:271B49AC-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n5:hasATCCode
n6:A10BF01
n3:H-Bond-Acceptor-Count
n4:271B49BB-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:H-Bond-Donor-Count
n4:271B49BC-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:InChIKey
n4:271B49B6-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Polar-Surface-Area--PSA-
n4:271B49B7-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Polarizability
n4:271B49B9-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Refractivity
n4:271B49B8-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Rotatable-Bond-Count
n4:271B49BA-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:absorption
Extremely low bioavailability. Less than 2% of an oral dose of acarbose was absorbed as active drug. Peak plasma concentrations of the active drug were achieved 1 hour after dosing. Drug accumulation does not occur with multiple doses.
n3:affectedOrganism
Humans and other mammals
n3:casRegistryNumber
56180-94-0
n3:containedIn
n13:271B49A7-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n13:271B49A5-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n13:271B49A6-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n13:271B49A3-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n13:271B49A4-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n13:271B49A1-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n13:271B49A2-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n13:271B499F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n13:271B49A0-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n13:271B499D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n13:271B499E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Bioavailability
n4:271B49C1-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Ghose-Filter
n4:271B49C3-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:MDDR-Like-Rule
n4:271B49C4-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Number-of-Rings
n4:271B49C0-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Physiological-Charge
n4:271B49BF-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Rule-of-Five
n4:271B49C2-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Traditional-IUPAC-Name
n4:271B49B0-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:pKa--strongest-acidic-
n4:271B49BD-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:pKa--strongest-basic-
n4:271B49BE-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5