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Namespace Prefixes

PrefixIRI
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Statements

Subject Item
n2:DB00152
rdf:type
n3:Drug
n3:description
Thiamine or thiamin, also known as vitamin B1, is a colorless compound with the chemical formula C12H17N4OS. It is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. Thiamine decomposes if heated. Thiamine was first discovered by Umetaro Suzuki in Japan when researching how rice bran cured patients of Beriberi. Thiamine plays a key role in intracellular glucose metabolism and it is thought that thiamine inhibits the effect of glucose and insulin on arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation. Thiamine plays an important role in helping the body convert carbohydrates and fat into energy. It is essential for normal growth and development and helps to maintain proper functioning of the heart and the nervous and digestive systems. Thiamine cannot be stored in the body; however, once absorbed, the vitamin is concentrated in muscle tissue.
n3:dosage
n26:271B4C79-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:generalReferences
# Slater PV: Multi-level preparation for nursing impact on nursing practice. Aust Nurses J. 1978 Jun;7(11):40-3. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/249270 # Kopriva V, Bilkovic R, Licko T: [Tumours of the small intestine (author's transl)] Cesk Gastroenterol Vyz. 1977 Dec;31(8):549-53. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/603941 # Beissel J: [The role of right catheterization in valvular prosthesis surveillance (author's transl)] Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris). 1977 Dec;26(6):587-9. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/606152 # Lonsdale D, Shamberger RJ, Audhya T: Treatment of autism spectrum children with thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide: a pilot study. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2002 Aug;23(4):303-8. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12195231 # Lonsdale D: A review of the biochemistry, metabolism and clinical benefits of thiamin(e) and its derivatives. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2006 Mar;3(1):49-59. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16550223
n3:group
nutraceutical approved
n3:indication
For the treatment of thiamine and niacin deficiency states, Korsakov's alcoholic psychosis, Wernicke-Korsakov syndrome, delirium, and peripheral neuritis.
n3:manufacturer
n4:271B4C5F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C62-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C63-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C60-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C61-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C64-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C6A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C65-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C68-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C69-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C66-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C67-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
owl:sameAs
n7:DB00152 n28:DB00152
dcterms:title
Thiamine
adms:identifier
n16:C00378 n17:1098 n18:DB00152 n19:1130 n20:Thiamine n21:46507321 n22:VIB n23:PA451652 n25:18385
n3:mechanismOfAction
It is thought that the mechanism of action of thiamine on endothelial cells is related to a reduction in intracellular protein glycation by redirecting the glycolytic flux. Thiamine is mainly the transport form of the vitamin, while the active forms are phosphorylated thiamine derivatives. There are five known natural thiamine phosphate derivatives: thiamine monophosphate (ThMP), thiamine diphosphate (ThDP), also sometimes called thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), thiamine triphosphate (ThTP), and the recently discovered adenosine thiamine triphosphate (AThTP), and adenosine thiamine diphosphate. Each derivative has unique functions, however, most are involved as coenzymes.
n3:packager
n4:271B4C27-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C24-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C25-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C22-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C23-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C20-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C21-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C2E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C2F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C2C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C2D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C2A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C2B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C28-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C29-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C46-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C47-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C44-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C45-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C42-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C43-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C40-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C41-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C4E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C4F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C4C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C4D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C4A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C4B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C48-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C49-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C36-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C37-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C34-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C35-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C32-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C33-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C30-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C31-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C3E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C3F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C3C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C3D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C3A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C3B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C38-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C39-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C56-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C57-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C54-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C55-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C52-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C53-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C50-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C51-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C5E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C5C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C5D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C5A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C5B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C58-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C59-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n4:271B4C26-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:synonym
Vitamin B1 Thiamine 3-(4-AMINO-2-methyl-pyrimidin-5-ylmethyl)-5-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-4-methyl-thiazol-3-ium thiamine(1+) ion Antiberiberi factor thiamine(1+) Thiamin Aneurin thiaminium
n3:toxicity
Thiamine toxicity is uncommon; as excesses are readily excreted, although long-term supplementation of amounts larger than 3 gram have been known to cause toxicity. Oral mouse LD<sub>50</sub> = 8224 mg/kg, oral rat LD<sub>50</sub> = 3710 mg/kg.
n8:hasAHFSCode
n9:88-08-00
n3:mixture
n10:271B4C1D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n10:271B4C1E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n10:271B4C1F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:proteinBinding
90-94%
n3:salt
n3:synthesisReference
Nobuyuki Kitamori, Masaya Maeno, Seiji Izuhara, "Granules of thiamine salt and the production thereof." U.S. Patent US4702919, issued July, 1974.
n11:hasConcept
n12:M0021318
foaf:page
n14:thiamine.html
n3:IUPAC-Name
n5:271B4C7E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:InChI
n5:271B4C84-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Molecular-Formula
n5:271B4C83-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Molecular-Weight
n5:271B4C80-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Monoisotopic-Weight
n5:271B4C81-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:SMILES
n5:271B4C82-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Water-Solubility
n5:271B4C94-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n5:271B4C7C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:logP
n5:271B4C7D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n5:271B4C7A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:logS
n5:271B4C7B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:H-Bond-Acceptor-Count
n5:271B4C8A-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:H-Bond-Donor-Count
n5:271B4C8B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:InChIKey
n5:271B4C85-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Polar-Surface-Area--PSA-
n5:271B4C86-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Polarizability
n5:271B4C88-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Refractivity
n5:271B4C87-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Rotatable-Bond-Count
n5:271B4C89-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:absorption
Absorbed mainly from duodenum, by both active and passive processes
n3:affectedOrganism
Humans and other mammals
n3:casRegistryNumber
59-43-8
n3:category
n3:containedIn
n24:271B4C71-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n24:271B4C72-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n24:271B4C6F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n24:271B4C70-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n24:271B4C6D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n24:271B4C6E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n24:271B4C6B-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n24:271B4C6C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n24:271B4C77-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n24:271B4C78-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n24:271B4C75-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n24:271B4C76-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n24:271B4C73-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n24:271B4C74-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Bioavailability
n5:271B4C90-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Ghose-Filter
n5:271B4C92-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:MDDR-Like-Rule
n5:271B4C93-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Melting-Point
n5:271B4C95-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Number-of-Rings
n5:271B4C8F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Physiological-Charge
n5:271B4C8E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Rule-of-Five
n5:271B4C91-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Traditional-IUPAC-Name
n5:271B4C7F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:pKa--strongest-acidic-
n5:271B4C8C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:pKa--strongest-basic-
n5:271B4C8D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5