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Namespace Prefixes

PrefixIRI
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n11http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB00137/identifier/pubchem-compound/

Statements

Subject Item
n2:DB00137
rdf:type
n3:Drug
n3:description
Xanthophylls are yellow pigments from the carotenoid group that are widespread in nature. They are present in egg yolk, algae, and petals of yellow flowers, among other sources. The xanthophylls include lutein, zeaxanthin, neoxanthin, violaxanthin, and α- and β-cryptoxanthin, of which lutein is the primary ingested one.
n3:generalReferences
# Namitha KK, Negi PS: Chemistry and biotechnology of carotenoids. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2010 Sep;50(8):728-60. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20830634 # Ma L, Lin XM: Effects of lutein and zeaxanthin on aspects of eye health. J Sci Food Agric. 2010 Jan 15;90(1):2-12. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20355006
n3:group
approved nutraceutical
n3:indication
Xanthophylls are taken for nutritional supplementation, and also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance.
owl:sameAs
n9:DB00137 n19:DB00137
dcterms:title
Xanthophyll
adms:identifier
n5:Xanthophyll n6:PA164748318 n11:5368396 n12:46508835 n13:DB00137 n14:LUT n15:27325 n16:4519703
n3:mechanismOfAction
Xanthophylls have antioxidant activity and react with active oxygen species, producing biologically active degradation products. They also can inhibit peroxidation of membrane phospholipids and reduce lipofuscin formation, both of which contribute to their antioxidant properties. Lutein is naturally present in the macula of the human retina. It filters out potentially phototoxic blue light and near-ultraviolet radiation from the macula. The protective effect is due in part, to the reactive oxygen species quenching ability of these carotenoids. Lutein is more stable to decomposition by pro-oxidants than are other carotenoids such as beta-carotene and lycopene. Lutein is abundant in the region surrounding the fovea, and lutein is the predominant pigment at the outermost periphery of the macula. Zeaxanthin, which is fully conjugated (lutein is not), may offer somewhat better protection than lutein against phototoxic damage caused by blue and near-ultraviolet light radiation. Lutein is one of only two carotenoids that have been identified in the human lens, may be protective against age-related increases in lens density and cataract formation. Again, the possible protection afforded by lutein may be accounted for, in part, by its reactive oxygen species scavenging abilities. Carotenoids also provide protection from cancer. One of the mechanisms of this is by increasing the expression of the protein connexin-43, thereby stimulating gap junctional communication and preventing unrestrained cell proliferation.
n3:synonym
SID548587
n3:synthesisReference
Helmut Auweter, Heribert Bohn, Erik Luddecke, "Stable, aqueous dispersions and stable, water-dispersible dry xanthophyll powder, their production and use." U.S. Patent US6296877, issued September, 1994.
foaf:page
n18:lut_0164.shtml
n3:IUPAC-Name
n7:271B49EA-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:InChI
n7:271B49F0-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Molecular-Formula
n7:271B49EF-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Molecular-Weight
n7:271B49EC-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Monoisotopic-Weight
n7:271B49ED-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:SMILES
n7:271B49EE-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Water-Solubility
n7:271B49E8-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n7:271B4A00-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:logP
n7:271B49E6-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n7:271B49E9-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 n7:271B4A02-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:logS
n7:271B49E7-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:H-Bond-Acceptor-Count
n7:271B49F6-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:H-Bond-Donor-Count
n7:271B49F7-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:InChIKey
n7:271B49F1-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Polar-Surface-Area--PSA-
n7:271B49F2-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Polarizability
n7:271B49F4-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Refractivity
n7:271B49F3-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Rotatable-Bond-Count
n7:271B49F5-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:affectedOrganism
Humans and other mammals
n3:casRegistryNumber
127-40-2
n3:category
n3:Bioavailability
n7:271B49FC-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Ghose-Filter
n7:271B49FE-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:MDDR-Like-Rule
n7:271B49FF-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Melting-Point
n7:271B4A01-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Number-of-Rings
n7:271B49FB-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Physiological-Charge
n7:271B49FA-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Rule-of-Five
n7:271B49FD-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:Traditional-IUPAC-Name
n7:271B49EB-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:pKa--strongest-acidic-
n7:271B49F8-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
n3:pKa--strongest-basic-
n7:271B49F9-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5