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Statements

Subject Item
n2:RIV%2F68081766%3A_____%2F14%3A00433835%21RIV15-AV0-68081766
rdf:type
skos:Concept n9:Vysledek
dcterms:description
Recent gut microbiome studies in model organisms emphasize the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on the variation of the bacterial composition and its impact on the overall health status of the host. Species occurring in the same habitat might share a similar microbiome, especially if they overlap in ecological and behavioral traits. So far, the natural variation in microbiomes of free-ranging wildlife species has not been thoroughly investigated. The few existing studies exploring microbiomes through 16S rRNA gene reads clustered sequencing reads into operational taxonomic units (OTUs) based on a similarity threshold (e.g., 97%). This approach, in combination with the low resolution of target databases, generally limits the level of taxonomic assignments to the genus level. However, distinguishing natural variation of microbiomes in healthy individuals from “abnormal microbial compositions that affect host health requires knowledge of the “normal microbial flora at a high taxonomic resolution. This gap can now be addressed using the recently published oligotyping approach, which can resolve closely related organisms into distinct oligotypes by utilizing subtle nucleotide variation. Here, we used Illumina MiSeq to sequence amplicons generated from the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene to investigate the gut microbiome of two free-ranging sympatric Namibian carnivore species, the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) and the black-backed jackal (Canis mesomelas). Bacterial phyla with proportions >0.2% were identical for both species and included Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. At a finer taxonomic resolution, black-backed jackals exhibited 69 bacterial taxa with proportions 0.1%, whereas cheetahs had only 42. Finally, oligotyping revealed that shared bacterial taxa consisted of distinct oligotype profiles. Thus, in contrast to 3% OTUs, oligotyping can detect fine-scale taxonomic differences between microbiomes. Recent gut microbiome studies in model organisms emphasize the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on the variation of the bacterial composition and its impact on the overall health status of the host. Species occurring in the same habitat might share a similar microbiome, especially if they overlap in ecological and behavioral traits. So far, the natural variation in microbiomes of free-ranging wildlife species has not been thoroughly investigated. The few existing studies exploring microbiomes through 16S rRNA gene reads clustered sequencing reads into operational taxonomic units (OTUs) based on a similarity threshold (e.g., 97%). This approach, in combination with the low resolution of target databases, generally limits the level of taxonomic assignments to the genus level. However, distinguishing natural variation of microbiomes in healthy individuals from “abnormal microbial compositions that affect host health requires knowledge of the “normal microbial flora at a high taxonomic resolution. This gap can now be addressed using the recently published oligotyping approach, which can resolve closely related organisms into distinct oligotypes by utilizing subtle nucleotide variation. Here, we used Illumina MiSeq to sequence amplicons generated from the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene to investigate the gut microbiome of two free-ranging sympatric Namibian carnivore species, the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) and the black-backed jackal (Canis mesomelas). Bacterial phyla with proportions >0.2% were identical for both species and included Firmicutes, Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. At a finer taxonomic resolution, black-backed jackals exhibited 69 bacterial taxa with proportions 0.1%, whereas cheetahs had only 42. Finally, oligotyping revealed that shared bacterial taxa consisted of distinct oligotype profiles. Thus, in contrast to 3% OTUs, oligotyping can detect fine-scale taxonomic differences between microbiomes.
dcterms:title
Oligotyping reveals differences between gut microbiomes of free-ranging sympatric Namibian carnivores (Acinonyx jubatus, Canis mesomelas) on a bacterial species-like level Oligotyping reveals differences between gut microbiomes of free-ranging sympatric Namibian carnivores (Acinonyx jubatus, Canis mesomelas) on a bacterial species-like level
skos:prefLabel
Oligotyping reveals differences between gut microbiomes of free-ranging sympatric Namibian carnivores (Acinonyx jubatus, Canis mesomelas) on a bacterial species-like level Oligotyping reveals differences between gut microbiomes of free-ranging sympatric Namibian carnivores (Acinonyx jubatus, Canis mesomelas) on a bacterial species-like level
skos:notation
RIV/68081766:_____/14:00433835!RIV15-AV0-68081766
n4:aktivita
n16:I n16:P
n4:aktivity
I, P(EE2.3.20.0303)
n4:cisloPeriodika
526
n4:dodaniDat
n6:2015
n4:domaciTvurceVysledku
Wasimuddin, Wasimuddin
n4:druhVysledku
n13:J
n4:duvernostUdaju
n17:S
n4:entitaPredkladatele
n12:predkladatel
n4:idSjednocenehoVysledku
34174
n4:idVysledku
RIV/68081766:_____/14:00433835
n4:jazykVysledku
n15:eng
n4:klicovaSlova
gut microbiome; bacteria; oligotyping; carnivores; cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus); black-backed jackal (Canis mesomelas); Namibia
n4:klicoveSlovo
n11:oligotyping n11:carnivores n11:Namibia n11:black-backed%20jackal%20%28Canis%20mesomelas%29 n11:cheetah%20%28Acinonyx%20jubatus%29 n11:gut%20microbiome n11:bacteria
n4:kodStatuVydavatele
CH - Švýcarská konfederace
n4:kontrolniKodProRIV
[605EA69DDF71]
n4:nazevZdroje
Frontiers in Microbiology
n4:obor
n7:EG
n4:pocetDomacichTvurcuVysledku
1
n4:pocetTvurcuVysledku
9
n4:projekt
n5:EE2.3.20.0303
n4:rokUplatneniVysledku
n6:2014
n4:svazekPeriodika
5
n4:tvurceVysledku
Melzheimer, J. Mfune, J. K. E. Heinrich, S. Wasimuddin, Wasimuddin Meier, M. Sommer, S. Thalwitzer, S. Wachter, B. Menke, S.
n4:wos
000343590000001
s:issn
1664-302X
s:numberOfPages
12
n10:doi
10.3389/fmicb.2014.00526