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Statements

Subject Item
n2:RIV%2F67985939%3A_____%2F14%3A00433487%21RIV15-GA0-67985939
rdf:type
skos:Concept n14:Vysledek
dcterms:description
Large herbivores are important drivers in ecosystems worldwide. Changes in herbivore densities are predicted to especially affect herbs that are strongly preferred by herbivores. The persistence of herbs could be challenged by enhanced grazing, but also grazing cessation may affect persistence, especially for prostrate herbs, which might be out-competed. To test how different herbivore densities (high, low, and no sheep) affect grazing frequency and plant responses (plant height, flowering frequency, and plant density) at the herb community and species level, we conducted a fully replicated, landscape-scale experiment in an alpine environment. We found that none of the herb species changed their densities after 5 years with experimental changes in grazing pressure. Sheep density affected grazing and flowering frequency at the herb community level. Eight herb species were more grazed at high sheep density as compared to enclosures with no sheep. Herb height decreased at high sheep density as compared to no sheep for the two species with the highest grazing frequency. Increased height and flowering frequency were found for small herbs at high sheep density. Our experiment clearly shows that herbs do not constitute a homogeneous functional group and that, in particular, tall and small herbs are affected in contrasting ways but all species (n = 15) tolerated changes in grazing regimes as densities were maintained at both enhanced grazing and grazing cessation. Large herbivores are important drivers in ecosystems worldwide. Changes in herbivore densities are predicted to especially affect herbs that are strongly preferred by herbivores. The persistence of herbs could be challenged by enhanced grazing, but also grazing cessation may affect persistence, especially for prostrate herbs, which might be out-competed. To test how different herbivore densities (high, low, and no sheep) affect grazing frequency and plant responses (plant height, flowering frequency, and plant density) at the herb community and species level, we conducted a fully replicated, landscape-scale experiment in an alpine environment. We found that none of the herb species changed their densities after 5 years with experimental changes in grazing pressure. Sheep density affected grazing and flowering frequency at the herb community level. Eight herb species were more grazed at high sheep density as compared to enclosures with no sheep. Herb height decreased at high sheep density as compared to no sheep for the two species with the highest grazing frequency. Increased height and flowering frequency were found for small herbs at high sheep density. Our experiment clearly shows that herbs do not constitute a homogeneous functional group and that, in particular, tall and small herbs are affected in contrasting ways but all species (n = 15) tolerated changes in grazing regimes as densities were maintained at both enhanced grazing and grazing cessation.
dcterms:title
Linking sheep density and grazing frequency to persistence of herb species in an alpine environment Linking sheep density and grazing frequency to persistence of herb species in an alpine environment
skos:prefLabel
Linking sheep density and grazing frequency to persistence of herb species in an alpine environment Linking sheep density and grazing frequency to persistence of herb species in an alpine environment
skos:notation
RIV/67985939:_____/14:00433487!RIV15-GA0-67985939
n3:aktivita
n7:P n7:I
n3:aktivity
I, P(GA526/09/0963)
n3:cisloPeriodika
3
n3:dodaniDat
n6:2015
n3:domaciTvurceVysledku
n18:4086724
n3:druhVysledku
n8:J
n3:duvernostUdaju
n11:S
n3:entitaPredkladatele
n12:predkladatel
n3:idSjednocenehoVysledku
26294
n3:idVysledku
RIV/67985939:_____/14:00433487
n3:jazykVysledku
n15:eng
n3:klicovaSlova
sheep grazing; alpine pastures; Norway
n3:klicoveSlovo
n4:alpine%20pastures n4:sheep%20grazing n4:Norway
n3:kodStatuVydavatele
JP - Japonsko
n3:kontrolniKodProRIV
[E99BFFDCF2CC]
n3:nazevZdroje
Ecological Research
n3:obor
n17:EH
n3:pocetDomacichTvurcuVysledku
1
n3:pocetTvurcuVysledku
5
n3:projekt
n16:GA526%2F09%2F0963
n3:rokUplatneniVysledku
n6:2014
n3:svazekPeriodika
29
n3:tvurceVysledku
Austrheim, G. Klimešová, Jitka Mysterud, A. Lanta, V. Evju, M.
n3:wos
000336279400007
s:issn
0912-3814
s:numberOfPages
10
n10:doi
10.1007/s11284-014-1132-7