This HTML5 document contains 48 embedded RDF statements represented using HTML+Microdata notation.

The embedded RDF content will be recognized by any processor of HTML5 Microdata.

Namespace Prefixes

PrefixIRI
dctermshttp://purl.org/dc/terms/
n8http://localhost/temp/predkladatel/
n14http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/domain/vavai/riv/tvurce/
n13http://linked.opendata.cz/ontology/domain/vavai/
shttp://schema.org/
rdfshttp://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#
skoshttp://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#
n3http://linked.opendata.cz/ontology/domain/vavai/riv/
n12http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/domain/vavai/vysledek/RIV%2F60162694%3AG44__%2F11%3A00002476%21RIV12-MO0-G44_____/
n2http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/domain/vavai/vysledek/
rdfhttp://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#
n4http://linked.opendata.cz/ontology/domain/vavai/riv/klicoveSlovo/
n11http://linked.opendata.cz/ontology/domain/vavai/riv/duvernostUdaju/
xsdhhttp://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#
n18http://linked.opendata.cz/ontology/domain/vavai/riv/aktivita/
n16http://linked.opendata.cz/ontology/domain/vavai/riv/jazykVysledku/
n17http://linked.opendata.cz/ontology/domain/vavai/riv/druhVysledku/
n15http://linked.opendata.cz/ontology/domain/vavai/riv/obor/
n9http://reference.data.gov.uk/id/gregorian-year/

Statements

Subject Item
n2:RIV%2F60162694%3AG44__%2F11%3A00002476%21RIV12-MO0-G44_____
rdf:type
skos:Concept n13:Vysledek
rdfs:seeAlso
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jat.1589
dcterms:description
Prophylactic administration of reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors before exposure to organophosphorus compounds (OPCs) can reduce OPC-induced mortality. Pyridostigmine is the only FDA-approved substance for such use. The AChE-inhibitory activity of known AChE inhibitors was quantified in vitro and their in vivo mortality-reducing efficacy was compared, when given prophylactically before the exposure to the OPC diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). The IC(50) was measured in vitro for the known AChE inhibitors pyridostigmine, physostigmine, ranitidine, tiapride, tacrine, 7-methoxytacrine, amiloride, metoclopramide, methylene blue and the experimental oxime K-27. Their in vivo efficacy, when given as pretreatment, to protect rats from DFP-induced mortality was quantified by determining the relative risk of death (RR) by Cox analysis, with RR = 1 for animals given only DFP, but no pretreatment. Physostigmine was the strongest in vitro AChE-inhibitor (IC(50) = 0.012 mu m), followed by 7-methoxytacrine, tacrine, pyridostigmine and methylene blue. Ranitidine (IC(50)= 2.5 mu m), metoclopramide and amiloride were in the mid-range. Tiapride (IC(50) = 256 mu m) and K-27 (IC(50) = 414 mu m) only weakly inhibited RBC AChE activity. Best in vivo protection from DFP-induced mortality was achieved when physostigmine (RR = 0.02) or tacrine (RR = 0.05) was given before DFP exposure, which was significantly superior to the pretreatment with all other tested compounds, except K-27 (RR = 0.18). The mortality-reducing effect of pyridostigmine, ranitidine and 7-methoxytacrine was inferior, but still significant. Tiapride, methylene blue, metoclopramide and amiloride did not significantly improve DFP-induced mortality. K-27 may be a more efficacious alternative to pyridostigmine, when passage into the brain precludes administration of physostigmine or tacrine. Prophylactic administration of reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors before exposure to organophosphorus compounds (OPCs) can reduce OPC-induced mortality. Pyridostigmine is the only FDA-approved substance for such use. The AChE-inhibitory activity of known AChE inhibitors was quantified in vitro and their in vivo mortality-reducing efficacy was compared, when given prophylactically before the exposure to the OPC diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). The IC(50) was measured in vitro for the known AChE inhibitors pyridostigmine, physostigmine, ranitidine, tiapride, tacrine, 7-methoxytacrine, amiloride, metoclopramide, methylene blue and the experimental oxime K-27. Their in vivo efficacy, when given as pretreatment, to protect rats from DFP-induced mortality was quantified by determining the relative risk of death (RR) by Cox analysis, with RR = 1 for animals given only DFP, but no pretreatment. Physostigmine was the strongest in vitro AChE-inhibitor (IC(50) = 0.012 mu m), followed by 7-methoxytacrine, tacrine, pyridostigmine and methylene blue. Ranitidine (IC(50)= 2.5 mu m), metoclopramide and amiloride were in the mid-range. Tiapride (IC(50) = 256 mu m) and K-27 (IC(50) = 414 mu m) only weakly inhibited RBC AChE activity. Best in vivo protection from DFP-induced mortality was achieved when physostigmine (RR = 0.02) or tacrine (RR = 0.05) was given before DFP exposure, which was significantly superior to the pretreatment with all other tested compounds, except K-27 (RR = 0.18). The mortality-reducing effect of pyridostigmine, ranitidine and 7-methoxytacrine was inferior, but still significant. Tiapride, methylene blue, metoclopramide and amiloride did not significantly improve DFP-induced mortality. K-27 may be a more efficacious alternative to pyridostigmine, when passage into the brain precludes administration of physostigmine or tacrine.
dcterms:title
Pretreatment for acute exposure to diisopropylfluorophosphate: in vivo efficacy of various acetylcholinesterase inhibitors Pretreatment for acute exposure to diisopropylfluorophosphate: in vivo efficacy of various acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
skos:prefLabel
Pretreatment for acute exposure to diisopropylfluorophosphate: in vivo efficacy of various acetylcholinesterase inhibitors Pretreatment for acute exposure to diisopropylfluorophosphate: in vivo efficacy of various acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
skos:notation
RIV/60162694:G44__/11:00002476!RIV12-MO0-G44_____
n3:aktivita
n18:I
n3:aktivity
I
n3:cisloPeriodika
6
n3:dodaniDat
n9:2012
n3:domaciTvurceVysledku
n14:6306888
n3:druhVysledku
n17:J
n3:duvernostUdaju
n11:S
n3:entitaPredkladatele
n12:predkladatel
n3:idSjednocenehoVysledku
223188
n3:idVysledku
RIV/60162694:G44__/11:00002476
n3:jazykVysledku
n16:eng
n3:klicovaSlova
Carbamates; Cholinesterase; Cox analysis; DFP; Fluorophosphates; Oximes; Organophosphate; Prophylaxis
n3:klicoveSlovo
n4:DFP n4:Carbamates n4:Organophosphate n4:Cholinesterase n4:Fluorophosphates n4:Oximes n4:Prophylaxis n4:Cox%20analysis
n3:kodStatuVydavatele
GB - Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska
n3:kontrolniKodProRIV
[C8755868B636]
n3:nazevZdroje
Journal of Applied Toxicology
n3:obor
n15:FP
n3:pocetDomacichTvurcuVysledku
1
n3:pocetTvurcuVysledku
6
n3:rokUplatneniVysledku
n9:2011
n3:svazekPeriodika
31
n3:tvurceVysledku
Kuča, Kamil Lorke, Dietrich E Nurulain, Syed M Petroianu, Georg A Shafiullah, Mohamed Hasan, Mohamed Y
n3:wos
000294744900003
s:issn
0260-437X
s:numberOfPages
9
n8:organizacniJednotka
G44