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Statements

Subject Item
n2:RIV%2F60076658%3A12310%2F12%3A43883393%21RIV13-MSM-12310___
rdf:type
skos:Concept n12:Vysledek
dcterms:description
Although predation is generally seen as one of the key factors determining the abundance and composition of insect herbivore communities in tropical rain forests, quantitative estimates of predation pressure in rain-forest habitats remain rare. We compared incidence of attacks of different natural enemies on semi-concealed and exposed caterpillars (Lepidoptera) in lowland and montane tropical rain forests, using plasticine models of caterpillars. We recorded attacks on caterpillars in four habitats: primary forest, secondary forest and forest fragment in lowlands (200 m asl), and montane primary forest (1700 m asl). We used 300 exposed and 300 semi-concealed caterpillars daily, and conducted the experiment for 6 d in every habitat. Daily incidence of attacks was higher on exposed caterpillars (4.95%) than on semi-concealed (leaf-rolling) caterpillars (2.99%). Attack pressure of natural enemies differed also among habitats. In the lowlands, continuous primary and secondary forests had similar daily incidence of attacks (2.39% and 2.36%) which was however lower than that found in a primary forest fragment (4.62%). This difference was caused by higher incidence of attacks by birds, ants and wasps in the forest fragment. The most important predators were birds in montane rain forests (61.9% of identified attacks), but insect predators, mostly ants, in the lowlands (58.3% of identified attacks). These results suggest that rapid decrease in the abundance of ants with altitude may be compensated by increased importance of birds as predators in montane forests. Further, it suggests that small rain-forest fragments may suffer from disproportionately high pressure from natural enemies, with potentially serious consequences for survival of their herbivorous communities. Although predation is generally seen as one of the key factors determining the abundance and composition of insect herbivore communities in tropical rain forests, quantitative estimates of predation pressure in rain-forest habitats remain rare. We compared incidence of attacks of different natural enemies on semi-concealed and exposed caterpillars (Lepidoptera) in lowland and montane tropical rain forests, using plasticine models of caterpillars. We recorded attacks on caterpillars in four habitats: primary forest, secondary forest and forest fragment in lowlands (200 m asl), and montane primary forest (1700 m asl). We used 300 exposed and 300 semi-concealed caterpillars daily, and conducted the experiment for 6 d in every habitat. Daily incidence of attacks was higher on exposed caterpillars (4.95%) than on semi-concealed (leaf-rolling) caterpillars (2.99%). Attack pressure of natural enemies differed also among habitats. In the lowlands, continuous primary and secondary forests had similar daily incidence of attacks (2.39% and 2.36%) which was however lower than that found in a primary forest fragment (4.62%). This difference was caused by higher incidence of attacks by birds, ants and wasps in the forest fragment. The most important predators were birds in montane rain forests (61.9% of identified attacks), but insect predators, mostly ants, in the lowlands (58.3% of identified attacks). These results suggest that rapid decrease in the abundance of ants with altitude may be compensated by increased importance of birds as predators in montane forests. Further, it suggests that small rain-forest fragments may suffer from disproportionately high pressure from natural enemies, with potentially serious consequences for survival of their herbivorous communities.
dcterms:title
Predation on exposed and leaf-rolling artificial caterpillars in tropical forests of Papua New Guinea Predation on exposed and leaf-rolling artificial caterpillars in tropical forests of Papua New Guinea
skos:prefLabel
Predation on exposed and leaf-rolling artificial caterpillars in tropical forests of Papua New Guinea Predation on exposed and leaf-rolling artificial caterpillars in tropical forests of Papua New Guinea
skos:notation
RIV/60076658:12310/12:43883393!RIV13-MSM-12310___
n12:predkladatel
n19:orjk%3A12310
n3:aktivita
n13:S n13:P n13:I
n3:aktivity
I, P(GA206/09/0115), P(GD206/08/H044), P(ME09082), S
n3:cisloPeriodika
4
n3:dodaniDat
n15:2013
n3:domaciTvurceVysledku
n16:7740492 n16:4876954
n3:druhVysledku
n11:J
n3:duvernostUdaju
n5:S
n3:entitaPredkladatele
n20:predkladatel
n3:idSjednocenehoVysledku
160973
n3:idVysledku
RIV/60076658:12310/12:43883393
n3:jazykVysledku
n14:eng
n3:klicovaSlova
predation pressure; parasitoids; model caterpillars; Lepidoptera; birds; ants; PREY; RATES; FLIES DIPTERA; BIRD PREDATION; SPECIES RICHNESS; ELEVATIONAL GRADIENTS; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; ANT DIVERSITY; NATURAL ENEMIES; HERBIVOROUS INSECTS
n3:klicoveSlovo
n4:PREY n4:HABITAT%20FRAGMENTATION n4:RATES n4:ants n4:NATURAL%20ENEMIES n4:parasitoids n4:ELEVATIONAL%20GRADIENTS n4:HERBIVOROUS%20INSECTS n4:birds n4:Lepidoptera n4:model%20caterpillars n4:predation%20pressure n4:SPECIES%20RICHNESS n4:BIRD%20PREDATION n4:ANT%20DIVERSITY n4:FLIES%20DIPTERA
n3:kodStatuVydavatele
GB - Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska
n3:kontrolniKodProRIV
[FBCA76D04090]
n3:nazevZdroje
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY
n3:obor
n7:EG
n3:pocetDomacichTvurcuVysledku
2
n3:pocetTvurcuVysledku
2
n3:projekt
n9:GA206%2F09%2F0115 n9:GD206%2F08%2FH044 n9:ME09082
n3:rokUplatneniVysledku
n15:2012
n3:svazekPeriodika
28
n3:tvurceVysledku
Tvardíková, Kateřina Novotný, Vojtěch
n3:wos
000304828600001
s:issn
0266-4674
s:numberOfPages
11
n8:doi
10.1017/S0266467412000235
n18:organizacniJednotka
12310