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Statements

Subject Item
n2:RIV%2F00216208%3A11320%2F12%3A10129176%21RIV13-GA0-11320___
rdf:type
n5:Vysledek skos:Concept
rdfs:seeAlso
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature10967
dcterms:description
The barrage of comets and asteroids that produced many young lunar basins (craters over 300 kilometres in diameter) has frequently been called the Late Heavy Bombardment(1) (LHB). Many assume the LHB ended about 3.7 to 3.8 billion years (Gyr) ago with the formation of Orientale basin(2,3). Evidence for LHB-sized blasts on Earth, however, extend into the Archaean and early Proterozoic eons, in the form of impact spherule beds: globally distributed ejecta layers created by Chicxulub-sized or larger cratering events(4). At least seven spherule beds have been found that formed between 3.23 and 3.47 Gyr ago, four between 2.49 and 2.63 Gyr ago, and one between 1.7 and 2.1 Gyr ago(5-9). Here we report that the LHB lasted much longer than previously thought, with most late impactors coming from the E belt, an extended and now largely extinct portion of the asteroid belt between 1.7 and 2.1 astronomical units from Earth. This region was destabilized by late giant planet migration(10-13). E-belt survivors now make up the high-inclination Hungaria asteroids(14,15). Scaling from the observed Hungaria asteroids, we find that E-belt projectiles made about ten lunar basins between 3.7 and 4.1 Gyr ago. They also produced about 15 terrestrial basins between 2.5 and 3.7 Gyr ago, as well as around 70 and four Chicxulub-sized or larger craters on the Earth and Moon, respectively, between 1.7 and 3.7 Gyr ago. These rates reproduce impact spherule bed and lunar crater constraints. The barrage of comets and asteroids that produced many young lunar basins (craters over 300 kilometres in diameter) has frequently been called the Late Heavy Bombardment(1) (LHB). Many assume the LHB ended about 3.7 to 3.8 billion years (Gyr) ago with the formation of Orientale basin(2,3). Evidence for LHB-sized blasts on Earth, however, extend into the Archaean and early Proterozoic eons, in the form of impact spherule beds: globally distributed ejecta layers created by Chicxulub-sized or larger cratering events(4). At least seven spherule beds have been found that formed between 3.23 and 3.47 Gyr ago, four between 2.49 and 2.63 Gyr ago, and one between 1.7 and 2.1 Gyr ago(5-9). Here we report that the LHB lasted much longer than previously thought, with most late impactors coming from the E belt, an extended and now largely extinct portion of the asteroid belt between 1.7 and 2.1 astronomical units from Earth. This region was destabilized by late giant planet migration(10-13). E-belt survivors now make up the high-inclination Hungaria asteroids(14,15). Scaling from the observed Hungaria asteroids, we find that E-belt projectiles made about ten lunar basins between 3.7 and 4.1 Gyr ago. They also produced about 15 terrestrial basins between 2.5 and 3.7 Gyr ago, as well as around 70 and four Chicxulub-sized or larger craters on the Earth and Moon, respectively, between 1.7 and 3.7 Gyr ago. These rates reproduce impact spherule bed and lunar crater constraints.
dcterms:title
An Archaean heavy bombardment from a destabilized extension of the asteroid belt An Archaean heavy bombardment from a destabilized extension of the asteroid belt
skos:prefLabel
An Archaean heavy bombardment from a destabilized extension of the asteroid belt An Archaean heavy bombardment from a destabilized extension of the asteroid belt
skos:notation
RIV/00216208:11320/12:10129176!RIV13-GA0-11320___
n5:predkladatel
n6:orjk%3A11320
n3:aktivita
n4:P
n3:aktivity
P(GA205/08/0064)
n3:cisloPeriodika
7396
n3:dodaniDat
n13:2013
n3:domaciTvurceVysledku
n21:1616765
n3:druhVysledku
n7:J
n3:duvernostUdaju
n19:S
n3:entitaPredkladatele
n16:predkladatel
n3:idSjednocenehoVysledku
121908
n3:idVysledku
RIV/00216208:11320/12:10129176
n3:jazykVysledku
n14:eng
n3:klicovaSlova
ages; layers; period; ejecta; planets; evolution; shergottite; impact; origin; inner solar-system
n3:klicoveSlovo
n8:layers n8:evolution n8:origin n8:period n8:planets n8:inner%20solar-system n8:shergottite n8:ejecta n8:ages n8:impact
n3:kodStatuVydavatele
GB - Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska
n3:kontrolniKodProRIV
[D21645339850]
n3:nazevZdroje
Nature
n3:obor
n9:BN
n3:pocetDomacichTvurcuVysledku
1
n3:pocetTvurcuVysledku
8
n3:projekt
n18:GA205%2F08%2F0064
n3:rokUplatneniVysledku
n13:2012
n3:svazekPeriodika
485
n3:tvurceVysledku
Simonson, Bruce Bottke, William F. Minton, David Brasser, Ramon Levison, Harold F. Morbidelli, Alessandro Nesvorny, David Vokrouhlický, David
n3:wos
000303451900037
s:issn
0028-0836
s:numberOfPages
4
n17:doi
10.1038/nature10967
n12:organizacniJednotka
11320