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Statements

Subject Item
n2:RIV%2F00216208%3A11310%2F14%3A10282622%21RIV15-MSM-11310___
rdf:type
n4:Vysledek skos:Concept
rdfs:seeAlso
http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.5253/078.102.0105
dcterms:description
Birds inhabiting urban areas have to cope with novel conditions. Unlike natural habitats, birds in urban environments are exposed to an increased human presence which often induces stress. Urban birds with reduced sensitivity to human disturbance can obtain benefits such as longer foraging time or decreased energy costs for escape. Here, I tested the hypothesis that the decrease in flight initiation distance (FID) to a potential predator (an approaching human) reflects adaptation to the level of disturbance expressed as pedestrian density. Moreover, I studied the influence of habitat type and species on observed FIDs. I analysed 2117 flight distances (20 species of European birds) located in ten localities in Prague. I found that species and pedestrian density play a more important role in determining FIDs than the type of habitat. Moreover, urban populations exposed to increased pedestrian density had consistently shorter flight distances. This study provides empirical documentation of changes in anti-predator behaviour, which strongly correlate with the pedestrian density gradient. It could support the idea that the establishment of FID can be highly plastic process depending on local conditions, as it is highly affected by a bird's individuality and its ability to adapt to the local level of disturbance by learning. Birds inhabiting urban areas have to cope with novel conditions. Unlike natural habitats, birds in urban environments are exposed to an increased human presence which often induces stress. Urban birds with reduced sensitivity to human disturbance can obtain benefits such as longer foraging time or decreased energy costs for escape. Here, I tested the hypothesis that the decrease in flight initiation distance (FID) to a potential predator (an approaching human) reflects adaptation to the level of disturbance expressed as pedestrian density. Moreover, I studied the influence of habitat type and species on observed FIDs. I analysed 2117 flight distances (20 species of European birds) located in ten localities in Prague. I found that species and pedestrian density play a more important role in determining FIDs than the type of habitat. Moreover, urban populations exposed to increased pedestrian density had consistently shorter flight distances. This study provides empirical documentation of changes in anti-predator behaviour, which strongly correlate with the pedestrian density gradient. It could support the idea that the establishment of FID can be highly plastic process depending on local conditions, as it is highly affected by a bird's individuality and its ability to adapt to the local level of disturbance by learning.
dcterms:title
Pedestrian density influences flight distances of urban birds Pedestrian density influences flight distances of urban birds
skos:prefLabel
Pedestrian density influences flight distances of urban birds Pedestrian density influences flight distances of urban birds
skos:notation
RIV/00216208:11310/14:10282622!RIV15-MSM-11310___
n3:aktivita
n18:I
n3:aktivity
I
n3:cisloPeriodika
1
n3:dodaniDat
n13:2015
n3:domaciTvurceVysledku
n8:7757522
n3:druhVysledku
n15:J
n3:duvernostUdaju
n6:S
n3:entitaPredkladatele
n10:predkladatel
n3:idSjednocenehoVysledku
36037
n3:idVysledku
RIV/00216208:11310/14:10282622
n3:jazykVysledku
n16:eng
n3:klicovaSlova
urban site; pedestrian density; habitat; flight distance; birds
n3:klicoveSlovo
n7:flight%20distance n7:birds n7:pedestrian%20density n7:urban%20site n7:habitat
n3:kodStatuVydavatele
NL - Nizozemsko
n3:kontrolniKodProRIV
[298DFBD056FD]
n3:nazevZdroje
Ardea
n3:obor
n17:EG
n3:pocetDomacichTvurcuVysledku
1
n3:pocetTvurcuVysledku
1
n3:rokUplatneniVysledku
n13:2014
n3:svazekPeriodika
102
n3:tvurceVysledku
Mikula, Peter
n3:wos
000340807500007
s:issn
0373-2266
s:numberOfPages
8
n14:organizacniJednotka
11310