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Statements

Subject Item
n2:RIV%2F00216208%3A11310%2F13%3A10189516%21RIV14-GA0-11310___
rdf:type
skos:Concept n13:Vysledek
rdfs:seeAlso
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0002187
dcterms:description
Phlebotomus orientalis Parrot (Diptera: Psychodidae) is the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani in East Africa. Here we report on life cycle parameters and susceptibility to L. donovani of two P. orientalis colonies originating from different sites in Ethiopia: a non-endemic site in the lowlands - Melka Werer (MW), and an endemic focus of human VL in the highlands - Addis Zemen (AZ). Methodology/Principal Findings: Marked differences in life-cycle parameters between the two colonies included distinct requirements for larval food and humidity during pupation. However, analyses using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR and DNA sequencing of cytB and COI mitochondrial genes did not reveal any differences. F1 hybrids developed successfully with higher fecundity than the parental colonies. Susceptibility of P. orientalis to L. donovani was studied by experimental infections. Even the lowest infective dose tested (2 x 10(3) per ml) was sufficient for successful establishment of L. donovani infections in about 50% of the P. orientalis females. Using higher infective doses, the infection rates were around 90% for both colonies. Leishmania development in P. orientalis was fast, the presence of metacyclic promastigotes in the thoracic midgut and the colonization of the stomodeal valve by haptomonads were recorded in most P. orientalis females by day five post-blood feeding. Conclusions: Both MW and AZ colonies of P. orientalis were highly susceptible to Ethiopian L. donovani strains. As the average volume of blood-meals taken by P. orientalis females are about 0.7 mu l, the infective dose at the lowest concentration was one or two L. donovani promastigotes per sand fly blood-meal. The development of L. donovani was similar in both P. orientalis colonies; hence, the absence of visceral leishmaniasis in non-endemic area Melka Werer cannot be attributed to different susceptibility of local P. orientalis populations to L. donovani Phlebotomus orientalis Parrot (Diptera: Psychodidae) is the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani in East Africa. Here we report on life cycle parameters and susceptibility to L. donovani of two P. orientalis colonies originating from different sites in Ethiopia: a non-endemic site in the lowlands - Melka Werer (MW), and an endemic focus of human VL in the highlands - Addis Zemen (AZ). Methodology/Principal Findings: Marked differences in life-cycle parameters between the two colonies included distinct requirements for larval food and humidity during pupation. However, analyses using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) PCR and DNA sequencing of cytB and COI mitochondrial genes did not reveal any differences. F1 hybrids developed successfully with higher fecundity than the parental colonies. Susceptibility of P. orientalis to L. donovani was studied by experimental infections. Even the lowest infective dose tested (2 x 10(3) per ml) was sufficient for successful establishment of L. donovani infections in about 50% of the P. orientalis females. Using higher infective doses, the infection rates were around 90% for both colonies. Leishmania development in P. orientalis was fast, the presence of metacyclic promastigotes in the thoracic midgut and the colonization of the stomodeal valve by haptomonads were recorded in most P. orientalis females by day five post-blood feeding. Conclusions: Both MW and AZ colonies of P. orientalis were highly susceptible to Ethiopian L. donovani strains. As the average volume of blood-meals taken by P. orientalis females are about 0.7 mu l, the infective dose at the lowest concentration was one or two L. donovani promastigotes per sand fly blood-meal. The development of L. donovani was similar in both P. orientalis colonies; hence, the absence of visceral leishmaniasis in non-endemic area Melka Werer cannot be attributed to different susceptibility of local P. orientalis populations to L. donovani
dcterms:title
Phlebotomus orientalis Sand Flies from Two Geographically Distant Ethiopian Localities: Biology, Genetic Analyses and Susceptibility to Leishmania donovani Phlebotomus orientalis Sand Flies from Two Geographically Distant Ethiopian Localities: Biology, Genetic Analyses and Susceptibility to Leishmania donovani
skos:prefLabel
Phlebotomus orientalis Sand Flies from Two Geographically Distant Ethiopian Localities: Biology, Genetic Analyses and Susceptibility to Leishmania donovani Phlebotomus orientalis Sand Flies from Two Geographically Distant Ethiopian Localities: Biology, Genetic Analyses and Susceptibility to Leishmania donovani
skos:notation
RIV/00216208:11310/13:10189516!RIV14-GA0-11310___
n13:predkladatel
n18:orjk%3A11310
n3:aktivita
n20:S n20:P n20:I
n3:aktivity
I, P(GA13-07500S), P(GD206/09/H026), S
n3:cisloPeriodika
4
n3:dodaniDat
n14:2014
n3:domaciTvurceVysledku
n6:7188056 n6:5671671 Gelaglie, Aysheshm Kassahun n6:3628434 n6:2203421 n6:3804399 n6:6447910
n3:druhVysledku
n19:J
n3:duvernostUdaju
n10:S
n3:entitaPredkladatele
n21:predkladatel
n3:idSjednocenehoVysledku
96060
n3:idVysledku
RIV/00216208:11310/13:10189516
n3:jazykVysledku
n16:eng
n3:klicovaSlova
sandflies; psychodidae; vector; diptera; west ethiopia; larroussius orientalis; intraspecific variability; eastern sudan; kala-azar; visceral leishmaniasis
n3:klicoveSlovo
n7:larroussius%20orientalis n7:sandflies n7:visceral%20leishmaniasis n7:eastern%20sudan n7:psychodidae n7:west%20ethiopia n7:vector n7:kala-azar n7:intraspecific%20variability n7:diptera
n3:kodStatuVydavatele
US - Spojené státy americké
n3:kontrolniKodProRIV
[E6562C3BFCC5]
n3:nazevZdroje
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases [online]
n3:obor
n17:EG
n3:pocetDomacichTvurcuVysledku
7
n3:pocetTvurcuVysledku
10
n3:projekt
n5:GD206%2F09%2FH026 n5:GA13-07500S
n3:rokUplatneniVysledku
n14:2013
n3:svazekPeriodika
7
n3:tvurceVysledku
Pružinová, Kateřina Hailu, Asrat Gelaglie, Aysheshm Kassahun Gebre-Michael, Teshome Volfová, Věra Volf, Petr Dvořák, Vít Warburg, Alon Šeblová, Veronika Votýpka, Jan
n3:wos
000318153100040
s:issn
1935-2735
s:numberOfPages
8
n9:doi
10.1371/journal.pntd.0002187
n4:organizacniJednotka
11310