About: Oxidative Stress Pathway

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About: Oxidative Stress Pathway Goto Sponge NotDistinct Permalink

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Attributes	Values
rdf:type	Class
rdfs:label	Oxidative Stress Pathway
rdfs:subClassOf	Homeostasis Regulation Pathway
Semantic_Type	Functional Concept
Preferred_Name	Oxidative Stress Pathway
UMLS_CUI	C1518762
BioCarta_ID	h_arenrf2Pathway
ALT_DEFINITION	Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are detrimental to cellular health and can damage biological macromolecules. Electrophilic compounds, xenobiotics and antioxidants are sources of reactive oxygen species, creating oxidative stress that can harm cells. Enzymes involved in the Phase II detoxification of xenobiotics to reduce cellular stress include glutathione transferases, quinone reductase, epoxide hydrolase, heme oxygenase, UDP-glucuronosyl transferases, and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Expression of these genes protects cells from oxidative damage and can prevent mutagenesis and cancer. Transcription of these enzymes is coordinately regulated through antioxidant response elements (AREs). Nrf2 (NF-E2-related factor 2) and Nrf1 are transcription factors that bind to AREs and activate these genes. Inactive Nrf2 is retained in the cytosol by association a complex with the cytoskeletal protein Keap1. Cytosolic Nrf2 is phosphorylated and translocates into the nucleus in response to protein kinase C activation and Map kinase pathways. In the nucleus, Nrf2 activate genes through AREs by interacting with transcription factors in the bZIP family, including CREB, ATF4 and fos or jun. Nrf2 activation of genes is opposed by small maf proteins, including MafG and MafK, maintaining a counterbalance to Nrf2 and balancing the oxidation level of the intracellular environment.BIOCARTA
Legacy_Concept_Name	Oxidative_Stress_Pathway
FULL_SYN	Oxidative Stress PathwayPTNCI Oxidative Stress Induced Gene Expression Via Nrf2PTBIOCARTA
code	C38990
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