About: Cortisone acetate     Goto   Sponge   NotDistinct   Permalink

An Entity of Type : http://linked.opendata.cz/ontology/drugbank/Drug, within Data Space : linked.opendata.cz associated with source document(s)

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http://linked.open...gbank/description
  • Cortisone acetate is a steroid hormone that has both glucocoriticoid and mineral corticoid activities. Corticosteroids are used to provide relief for inflamed areas of the body. They lessen swelling, redness, itching, and allergic reactions. They are often used as part of the treatment for a number of different diseases, such as severe allergies or skin problems, asthma, or arthritis. Endogenous glucocorticoids and some synthetic corticoids have high affinity to the protein transcortin (also called CBG, corticosteroid-binding protein), whereas all of them bind albumin. Glucocorticoids also bind to the cytosolic glucocorticoid receptor. (en)
http://linked.open...y/drugbank/dosage
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  • approved (en)
http://linked.open...ugbank/indication
  • For the relief of the inflammatory and pruritic manifestations of corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses. Also used to treat endocrine (hormonal) disorders (adrenal insufficiency, Addisons disease). It is also used to treat many immune and allergic disorders. (en)
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Title
  • Cortisone acetate (en)
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http://linked.open...mechanismOfAction
  • Cortisone acetate binds to the cytosolic glucocorticoid receptor. After binding the receptor the newly formed receptor-ligand complex translocates itself into the cell nucleus, where it binds to many glucocorticoid response elements (GRE) in the promoter region of the target genes. The DNA bound receptor then interacts with basic transcription factors, causing the increase in expression of specific target genes. The anti-inflammatory actions of corticosteroids are thought to involve lipocortins, phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins which, through inhibition arachidonic acid, control the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. Specifically glucocorticoids induce lipocortin-1 (annexin-1) synthesis, which then binds to cell membranes preventing the phospholipase A2 from coming into contact with its substrate arachidonic acid. This leads to diminished eicosanoid production. The cyclooxygenase (both COX-1 and COX-2) expression is also suppressed, potentiating the effect. In other words, the two main products in inflammation Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes are inhibited by the action of Glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids also stimulate the lipocortin-1 escaping to the extracellular space, where it binds to the leukocyte membrane receptors and inhibits various inflammatory events: epithelial adhesion, emigration, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, respiratory burst and the release of various inflammatory mediators (lysosomal enzymes, cytokines, tissue plasminogen activator, chemokines etc.) from neutrophils, macrophages and mastocytes. Additionally the immune system is suppressed by corticosteroids due to a decrease in the function of the lymphatic system, a reduction in immunoglobulin and complement concentrations, the precipitation of lymphocytopenia, and interference with antigen-antibody binding. (en)
http://linked.open...drugbank/packager
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  • Corticosteroids are metabolized primarily in the liver and are then excreted by the kidneys. Some of the topical corticosteroids and their metabolites are also excreted into the bile. (en)
http://linked.open.../drugbank/synonym
  • Cortisyl (en)
  • Cortone acetate (en)
http://linked.open...drugbank/toxicity
  • Side effects include inhibition of bone formation, suppression of calcium absorption, delayed wound healing and hyperglycemia. (en)
http://linked.open...ynthesisReference
  • Reichstein,T.; US. Patent 2,403,683; July 9, 1946. Gallagher,T.F.; US. Patent 2,447,325; August 17,1948; assigned to Research Corporation. Sarett, L.H.; U.S. Patent 2,541,104; February 13, 1951; assigned to Merck & Co., Inc. (en)
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  • Humans and other mammals (en)
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  • 50-04-4 (en)
http://linked.open...drugbank/category
  • (en)
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