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http://linked.open...gbank/description
| - Fosphenytoin is a water-soluble phenytoin prodrug used only in hospitals for the treatment of epileptic seizures. It works by slowing down impulses in the brain that cause seizures. Its main mechanism is to block frequency-dependent, use-dependent and voltage-dependent neuronal sodium channels, and therefore limit repetitive firing of action potentials. (en)
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http://linked.open...y/drugbank/dosage
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http://linked.open...generalReferences
| - # Johnson J, Wrenn K: Inappropriate fosphenytoin use in the ED. Am J Emerg Med. 2001 Jul;19(4):293-4. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11447516 # Applebaum J, Levine J, Belmaker RH: Intravenous fosphenytoin in acute mania. J Clin Psychiatry. 2003 Apr;64(4):408-9. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12716241 # McCleane GJ: Intravenous infusion of fosphenytoin produces prolonged pain relief: a case report. J Pain. 2002 Apr;3(2):156-8. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14622802 # Browne TR, Kugler AR, Eldon MA: Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of fosphenytoin. Neurology. 1996 Jun;46(6 Suppl 1):S3-7. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ 8649612 # Luszczki JJ: Third-generation antiepileptic drugs: mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics and interactions. Pharmacol Rep. 2009 Mar-Apr;61(2):197-216. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19443931 (en)
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http://linked.open...gy/drugbank/group
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http://linked.open...drugbank/halfLife
| - Fosphenytoin has a half-life of approximately 15 minutes. (en)
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http://linked.open...ugbank/indication
| - For the control of generalized convulsive status epilepticus and prevention and treatment of seizures occurring during neurosurgery. It can also be substituted, short-term, for oral phenytoin. (en)
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sameAs
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Title
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adms:identifier
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http://linked.open...mechanismOfAction
| - Fosphenytoin is a prodrug of phenytoin and accordingly, its anticonvulsant effects are attributable to phenytoin. Phenytoin acts on sodium channels on the neuronal cell membrane, limiting the spread of seizure activity and reducing seizure propagation. By promoting sodium efflux from neurons, phenytoin tends to stabilize the threshold against hyperexcitability caused by excessive stimulation or environmental changes capable of reducing membrane sodium gradient. This includes the reduction of post-tetanic potentiation at synapses. Loss of post-tetanic potentiation prevents cortical seizure foci from detonating adjacent cortical areas. (en)
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http://linked.open...drugbank/packager
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http://linked.open...outeOfElimination
| - Phenytoin derived from administration of Cerebyx is extensively metabolized in the liver and excreted in urine primarily as 5-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin and its glucuronide; little unchanged phenytoin (1%–5% of the Cerebyx dose) is recovered in urine. (en)
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http://linked.open.../drugbank/synonym
| - Fosphenytoin (en)
- Cerebyx (en)
- (3-Phosphoryloxymethyl)phenytoin (en)
- Fosfenitoina (en)
- Fosphenytoine (en)
- Fosphenytoinum (en)
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http://linked.open...drugbank/toxicity
| - Nausea, vomiting, lethargy, tachycardia, bradycardia, asystole, cardiac arrest, hypotension, syncope, hypocalcemia, metabolic acidosis, and death have been reported in cases of overdosage with fosphenytoin. The median lethal dose of fosphenytoin given intravenously in mice and rats was 156 mg PE/kg and approximately 250 mg PE/kg, or about 0.6 and 2 times, respectively, the maximum human loading dose on a mg/m2 basis. Signs of acute toxicity in animals included ataxia, labored breathing, ptosis, and hypoactivity. (en)
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http://linked.open...umeOfDistribution
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http://linked.open.../drug/hasAHFSCode
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http://linked.open...k/foodInteraction
| - Do not take calcium, aluminum, magnesium or Iron supplements within 2 hours of taking this medication. (en)
- Avoid alcohol. (en)
- Take with food. (en)
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http://linked.open...nk/proteinBinding
| - Extensively bound (95% to 99%) to human plasma proteins, primarily albumin. (en)
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http://linked.open...ogy/drugbank/salt
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http://linked.open...ynthesisReference
| - Volker Kirsch, "Process for the preparation of sodium fosphenytoin." U.S. Patent US20050272706, issued December 08, 2005. (en)
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http://linked.open...y/mesh/hasConcept
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foaf:page
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http://linked.open...ugbank/IUPAC-Name
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http://linked.open...gy/drugbank/InChI
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http://linked.open...Molecular-Formula
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http://linked.open.../Molecular-Weight
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http://linked.open...noisotopic-Weight
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http://linked.open...y/drugbank/SMILES
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http://linked.open.../Water-Solubility
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http://linked.open...ogy/drugbank/logP
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http://linked.open...ogy/drugbank/logS
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http://linked.open...l/drug/hasATCCode
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http://linked.open...nd-Acceptor-Count
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http://linked.open...-Bond-Donor-Count
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http://linked.open...drugbank/InChIKey
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http://linked.open...urface-Area--PSA-
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http://linked.open...nk/Polarizability
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http://linked.open...bank/Refractivity
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http://linked.open...atable-Bond-Count
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http://linked.open...ugbank/absorption
| - Fosphenytoin is completely bioavailable following lM administration. (en)
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http://linked.open.../affectedOrganism
| - Humans and other mammals (en)
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http://linked.open...casRegistryNumber
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http://linked.open...drugbank/category
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http://linked.open...gbank/containedIn
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http://linked.open...k/Bioavailability
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http://linked.open...bank/Ghose-Filter
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http://linked.open...nk/MDDR-Like-Rule
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http://linked.open...k/Number-of-Rings
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http://linked.open...siological-Charge
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http://linked.open...bank/Rule-of-Five
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http://linked.open...tional-IUPAC-Name
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http://linked.open...strongest-acidic-
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http://linked.open...-strongest-basic-
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