| Attributes | Values |
|---|
| rdf:type
| |
| http://linked.open...gbank/description
| - A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It promotes binding to inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid subtype receptors, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations. [PubChem] (en)
|
| http://linked.open...generalReferences
| - # Kwan P, Brodie MJ: Phenobarbital for the treatment of epilepsy in the 21st century: a critical review. Epilepsia. 2004 Sep;45(9):1141-9. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15329080 # Taylor S, Tudur Smith C, Williamson PR, Marson AG: Phenobarbitone versus phenytoin monotherapy for partial onset seizures and generalized onset tonic-clonic seizures. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;(4):CD002217. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11687150 # Tudur Smith C, Marson AG, Williamson PR: Carbamazepine versus phenobarbitone monotherapy for epilepsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(1):CD001904. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12535420 # Kalviainen R, Eriksson K, Parviainen I: Refractory generalised convulsive status epilepticus : a guide to treatment. CNS Drugs. 2005;19(9):759-68. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16142991 # Booth D, Evans DJ: Anticonvulsants for neonates with seizures. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004 Oct 18;(4):CD004218. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15495087 (en)
|
| http://linked.open...gy/drugbank/group
| |
| http://linked.open...drugbank/halfLife
| - 53 to 118 hours (mean 79 hours) (en)
|
| http://linked.open...ugbank/indication
| - For the treatment of all types of seizures except absence seizures. (en)
|
| sameAs
| |
| Title
| |
| adms:identifier
| |
| http://linked.open...mechanismOfAction
| - Phenobarbital acts on GABAA receptors, increasing synaptic inhibition. This has the effect of elevating seizure threshold and reducing the spread of seizure activity from a seizure focus. Phenobarbital may also inhibit calcium channels, resulting in a decrease in excitatory transmitter release. The sedative-hypnotic effects of phenobarbital are likely the result of its effect on the polysynaptic midbrain reticular formation, which controls CNS arousal. (en)
|
| http://linked.open...drugbank/packager
| |
| http://linked.open.../drugbank/synonym
| - Phenobarbital (en)
- Luminal (en)
- Phenobarbitol (en)
- Phenobarbitone (en)
- Phenobarbituric Acid (en)
- Phenylethylbarbiturate (en)
- Phenylethylbarbituric Acid (en)
- 5-Ethyl-5-phenyl-pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione (en)
- 5-Ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid (en)
- 5-Phenyl-5-ethylbarbituric acid (en)
- 5-ethyl-5-phenyl-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-pyrimidinetrione (en)
- 5-ethyl-5-phenylpyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione (en)
- PHENYLETHYLMALONYLUREA (en)
- Phenylaethylbarbitursaeure (en)
- Phenylethylbarbitursaeure (en)
|
| http://linked.open...drugbank/toxicity
| - CNS and respiratory depression which may progress to Cheyne-Stokes respiration, areflexia, constriction of the pupils to a slight degree (though in severe poisoning they may wshow paralytic dilation), oliguria, tachycardia, hypotension, lowered body temperature, and coma. Typical shock syndrome (apnea, circulatory collapse, respiratory arrest, and death) may occur. (en)
|
| http://linked.open.../drug/hasAHFSCode
| |
| http://linked.open...k/foodInteraction
| - Avoid alcohol. (en)
- Take on an empty stomach for quicker absorption (en)
- Avoid excessive quantities of coffee or tea (Caffeine). (en)
- Increase dietary intake of magnesium, folate, vitamin B6, B12, and/or consider taking a multivitamin. (en)
|
| http://linked.open...nk/proteinBinding
| |
| http://linked.open...ynthesisReference
| - Tong Sun, Shawn Watson, Rajesh Manchanda, "PHENOBARBITAL SALTS; METHODS OF MAKING; AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF." U.S. Patent US20100035904, issued February 11, 2010. (en)
|
| http://linked.open...y/mesh/hasConcept
| |
| foaf:page
| |
| http://linked.open...ugbank/IUPAC-Name
| |
| http://linked.open...gy/drugbank/InChI
| |
| http://linked.open...Molecular-Formula
| |
| http://linked.open.../Molecular-Weight
| |
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