About: Formoterol     Goto   Sponge   NotDistinct   Permalink

An Entity of Type : http://linked.opendata.cz/ontology/drugbank/Drug, within Data Space : linked.opendata.cz associated with source document(s)

AttributesValues
rdf:type
http://linked.open...gbank/description
  • Formoterol is a long-acting (12 hours) beta2-agonist used in the management of asthma and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Inhaled formoterol works like other beta2-agonists, causing bronchodilatation through relaxation of the smooth muscle in the airway so as to treat the exacerbation of asthma. (en)
http://linked.open...y/drugbank/dosage
http://linked.open...generalReferences
  • # Bartow RA, Brogden RN: Formoterol. An update of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic efficacy in the management of asthma. Drugs. 1998 Feb;55(2):303-22. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9506248 # Cheer SM, Scott LJ: Formoterol: a review of its use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Med. 2002;1(4):285-300. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14720051 # Steiropoulos P, Tzouvelekis A, Bouros D: Formoterol in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2008;3(2):205-15. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18686730 # Faulds D, Hollingshead LM, Goa KL: Formoterol. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential in reversible obstructive airways disease. Drugs. 1991 Jul;42(1):115-37. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1718682 # Op't Holt TB: Inhaled beta agonists. Respir Care. 2007 Jul;52(7):820-32. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17594727 (en)
http://linked.open...gy/drugbank/group
  • approved (en)
  • investigational (en)
http://linked.open...drugbank/halfLife
  • 10 hours (en)
http://linked.open...ugbank/indication
  • For use as long-term maintenance treatment of asthma in patients 6 years of age and older with reversible obstructive airways disease, including patients with symptoms of nocturnal asthma, who are using optimal corticosteroid treatment and experiencing regular or frequent breakthrough symptoms requiring use of a short-acting bronchodilator. Not indicated for asthma that can be successfully managed with occasional use of an inhaled, short-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist. Also used for the prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm, as well as long-term treatment of bronchospasm associated with COPD. (en)
http://linked.open...bank/manufacturer
sameAs
Title
  • Formoterol (en)
adms:identifier
http://linked.open...mechanismOfAction
  • The pharmacologic effects of beta2-adrenoceptor agonist drugs, including formoterol, are at least in part attributable to stimulation of intracellular adenyl cyclase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to cyclic-3', 5'-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP). Increased cyclic AMP levels cause relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle and inhibits the release of pro-inflammatory mast-cell mediators such as histamine and leukotrienes. Formoterol also inhibits histamine-induced plasma albumin extravasation in anesthetized guinea pigs and inhibits allergen-induced eosinophil influx in dogs with airway hyper-responsiveness. The relevance of these in vitro and animal findings to humans is unknown. (en)
http://linked.open...drugbank/packager
http://linked.open...y/drugbank/patent
http://linked.open...outeOfElimination
  • Following inhalation of a 12 mcg or 24 mcg dose by 16 patients with asthma, about 10% and 15%-18% of the total dose was excreted in the urine as unchanged formoterol and direct conjugates of formoterol, respectively. (en)
http://linked.open.../drugbank/synonym
  • Formoterolum (en)
  • 2'-Hydroxy-5'-{1-hydroxy-2-[(P-methoxy-alpha-methylphenethyl)amino]ethyl}formanilide (en)
  • 2'-Hydroxy-5'-(1-hydroxy-2-((P-methoxy-alpha-methylphenethyl)amino)ethyl)formanilide (en)
  • N-[2-Hydroxy-5-(1-hydroxy-2-{[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-methylethyl]amino}ethyl)phenyl]formamide (en)
http://linked.open...drugbank/toxicity
  • An overdosage is likely to lead to effects that are typical of ß2-adrenergic stimulants: nausea, vomiting, headache, tremor, somnolence, palpitations, tachycardia, ventricular arrhythmias, metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia. (en)
http://linked.open.../drug/hasAHFSCode
http://linked.open.../drugbank/mixture
http://linked.open...nk/proteinBinding
  • The binding of formoterol to human plasma proteins in vitro was 61%-64% at concentrations from 0.1 to 100 ng/mL. Binding to human serum albumin in vitro was 31%-38% over a range of 5 to 500 ng/mL. The concentrations of formoterol used to assess the plasma protein binding were higher than those achieved in plasma following inhalation of a single 120 µg dose. (en)
http://linked.open...ogy/drugbank/salt
  • (en)
http://linked.open...ynthesisReference
  • Jan W. Trofast, Edib Jakupovic, Katarina L. Mansson, "Process for preparing formoterol and related compounds." U.S. Patent US5434304, issued August, 1992. (en)
http://linked.open...y/mesh/hasConcept
foaf:page
http://linked.open...ugbank/IUPAC-Name
http://linked.open...gy/drugbank/InChI
http://linked.open...Molecular-Formula
http://linked.open.../Molecular-Weight
http://linked.open...noisotopic-Weight
http://linked.open...y/drugbank/SMILES
http://linked.open.../Water-Solubility
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http://linked.open...urface-Area--PSA-
http://linked.open...nk/Polarizability
http://linked.open...bank/Refractivity
http://linked.open...atable-Bond-Count
http://linked.open...ugbank/absorption
  • Rapidly absorbed into plasma following administration by oral inhalation. It is likely that the majority of the inhaled formoterol delivered is swallowed and then absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. (en)
http://linked.open.../affectedOrganism
  • Humans and other mammals (en)
http://linked.open...casRegistryNumber
  • 73573-87-2 (en)
http://linked.open...drugbank/category
  • (en)
http://linked.open...rugbank/clearance
  • * Renal cl=150 mL/min [Healty subjects receiving oral administration of 80 mcg] (en)
http://linked.open...gbank/containedIn
http://linked.open...k/Bioavailability
http://linked.open...bank/Ghose-Filter
http://linked.open...nk/MDDR-Like-Rule
http://linked.open...k/Number-of-Rings
http://linked.open...siological-Charge
http://linked.open...bank/Rule-of-Five
http://linked.open...tional-IUPAC-Name
http://linked.open...strongest-acidic-
http://linked.open...-strongest-basic-
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