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rdf:type
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http://linked.open...gbank/description
| - Gramcidin D is a heterogeneous mixture of three antibiotic compounds, gramicidins A, B and C, making up 80%, 6%, and 14% respectively all of which are obtained from the soil bacterial species Bacillus brevis and called collectively gramicidin D. Gramcidins are 15 residue peptides with alternating D and L amino acids. The peptides assemble inside of the hydrophobic interior of the cellular lipid bilayer to form a β-helix. The helix itself is not long enough to span the membrane but it dimerizes to form the elongated channel needed to span the whole membrane. Gramicidin D is used primarily as a topical antibiotic and is one of the three constituents of consumer antibiotic polysporin ophthalmic solution. (en)
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http://linked.open...y/drugbank/dosage
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http://linked.open...generalReferences
| - # Ketchem RR, Lee KC, Huo S, Cross TA: Macromolecular structural elucidation with solid-state NMR-derived orientational constraints. J Biomol NMR. 1996 Jul;8(1):1-14. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8810522 # Townsley LE, Tucker WA, Sham S, Hinton JF: Structures of gramicidins A, B, and C incorporated into sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles. Biochemistry. 2001 Oct 2;40(39):11676-86. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11570868 # Burkhart BM, Gassman RM, Langs DA, Pangborn WA, Duax WL, Pletnev V: Gramicidin D conformation, dynamics and membrane ion transport. Biopolymers. 1999;51(2):129-44. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10397797 (en)
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http://linked.open...gy/drugbank/group
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http://linked.open...ugbank/indication
| - For treatment of skin lesions, surface wounds and eye infections (en)
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sameAs
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Title
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adms:identifier
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http://linked.open...mechanismOfAction
| - Gramicidin D binds to and inserts itself into bacterial membranes (with a strong preference to gram-positive cell membranes). This results in membrane disruption and permeabilization (it acts as a channel). This leads to (i) loss of intracellular solutes (e.g., K+ and amino acids); (ii) dissipation of the transmembrane potential; (iii) inhibition of respiration; (iv) a reduction in ATP pools; and (v) inhibition of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis, which leads to cell death. (en)
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http://linked.open...drugbank/packager
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http://linked.open.../drugbank/synonym
| - Gramicidin (en)
- Gramicidin A (en)
- Gramicidin B (en)
- Gramicidin C (en)
- Gramicidine (en)
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http://linked.open.../drugbank/mixture
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http://linked.open...ynthesisReference
| - U.S.Patent 2,534,541. (en)
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http://linked.open...Molecular-Formula
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http://linked.open.../Molecular-Weight
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http://linked.open...l/drug/hasATCCode
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http://linked.open.../affectedOrganism
| - Neisseria meningitidis (en)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae (en)
- Escherichia coli (en)
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa (en)
- Enterobacter (en)
- Haemophilus influenzae (en)
- Klebsiella (en)
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae (en)
- Staphylococcus aureus (en)
- Streptococcus agalactiae (en)
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http://linked.open...casRegistryNumber
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http://linked.open...drugbank/category
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http://linked.open...gbank/containedIn
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http://linked.open...ank/Melting-Point
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