About: Metformin Hydrochloride     Goto   Sponge   NotDistinct   Permalink

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AttributesValues
rdf:type
rdfs:label
  • Metformin Hydrochloride
rdfs:subClassOf
Has_Free_Acid_Or_Base_Form
Concept_In_Subset
Semantic_Type
  • Organic Chemical
  • Pharmacologic Substance
Preferred_Name
  • Metformin Hydrochloride
NSC_Code
  • 91485
UMLS_CUI
  • C0770893
CAS_Registry
  • 1115-70-4
FDA_UNII_Code
  • 786Z46389E
Contributing_Source
  • FDA
ALT_DEFINITION
  • A drug used to treat diabetes mellitus (a condition in which the body cannot control the level of sugar in the blood ). It is also being studied in the treatment of cancer. It decreases the amount of glucose (a type of sugar) released into the bloodstream from the liver and increases the body's use of the glucose. Glucophage is a type of antidiabetic agent.NCI-GLOSS
PDQ_Open_Trial_Search_ID
  • 593641
PDQ_Closed_Trial_Search_ID
  • 593641
Chemical_Formula
  • C4H11N5.HCl
Legacy_Concept_Name
  • Metformin_Hydrochloride
FULL_SYN
  • metformin hydrochloridePTNCI-GLOSSCDR0000631045
  • GlucophagePTNCI-GLOSSCDR0000631046
  • Metformin HydrochloridePTNCI
  • Metformin HClSYNCI
  • 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide HydrochlorideSNNCI
  • METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDEPTFDA786Z46389E
  • N,N-Dimethylimidodicarbonimidic Diamide MonohydrochlorideSNNCI
  • Metformin HydrochloridePTDCP09726
  • GlucophageBRNCI
DEFINITION
  • The hydrochloride salt of the biguanide metformin with antihyperglycemic and potential antineoplastic activities. Metformin inhibits complex I (NADPH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, thereby increasing the cellular AMP to ATP ratio and leading to activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and regulating AMPK-mediated transcription of target genes. This eventually prevents hepatic gluconeogenesis, enhances insulin sensitivity and fatty acid oxidation and ultimately leads to a decrease in glucose levels. Metformin may exert antineoplastic effects through AMPK-mediated or AMPK-independent inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is up-regulated in many cancer tissues. Furthermore, this agent also inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression which is mediated through the suppression of transcription activator protein-1 (AP-1) activation.NCI
code
  • C29251
is Has_Salt_Form of
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