About: Glatiramer Acetate

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An Entity of Type : http://linked.opendata.cz/ontology/drugbank/Drug, within Data Space : linked.opendata.cz associated with source document(s)

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rdf:type	http://linked.opendata.cz/ontology/drugbank/Drug
http://linked.open...gbank/description	Glatiramer acetate consists of the acetate salts of synthetic polypeptides, containing four naturally occurring amino acids: L-glutamic acid, L-alanine, L-tyrosine, and L-lysine with an average molar fraction of 0.141, 0.427, 0.095, and 0.338, respectively. The average molecular weight of glatiramer acetate is 5,000-9,000 daltons. It is an immunomodulator, licensed in much of the world for reduced frequency of relapses in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (en)
http://linked.open...y/drugbank/dosage	http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/dosage/271B3F3C-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/dosage/271B3F3D-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5 http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/dosage/271B3F3E-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
http://linked.open...generalReferences	# Weber MS, Hohlfeld R, Zamvil SS: Mechanism of action of glatiramer acetate in treatment of multiple sclerosis. Neurotherapeutics. 2007 Oct;4(4):647-53. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17920545 # Arnon R, Aharoni R: Mechanism of action of glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis and its potential for the development of new applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Oct 5;101 Suppl 2:14593-8. Epub 2004 Sep 15. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15371592 # Francis DA: Glatiramer acetate (Copaxone). Int J Clin Pract. 2001 Jul-Aug;55(6):394-8. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11501229 # Li Q, Milo R, Panitch H, Swoveland P, Bever CT Jr: Glatiramer acetate blocks the activation of THP-1 cells by interferon-gamma. Eur J Pharmacol. 1998 Jan 26;342(2-3):303-10. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9548401 (en)
http://linked.open...gy/drugbank/group	approved (en) investigational (en)
http://linked.open...ugbank/indication	For reduction of the frequency of relapses in patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis. (en)
sameAs	Glatiramer Acetate
Title	Glatiramer Acetate (en)
adms:identifier	http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB05259/identifier/drugbank/DB05259 http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB05259/identifier/national-drug-code-directory/0088-1153-30 http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB05259/identifier/pharmgkb/PA449760 http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB05259/identifier/wikipedia/Glatiramer_acetate
http://linked.open...mechanismOfAction	Glatiramer acetate (GA) exhibits strong and promiscuous binding to MHC molecules (HLA DRB1* variants) and consequent competition with various myelin antigens for their presentation to T cells. A further aspect of its action is potent induction of specific suppressor cells of the T helper 2 (Th2) type that migrate to the brain and lead to in situ bystander suppression. Furthermore, the GA-specific cells in the brain express the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and transforming growth factor beta, in addition to brain-derived neurotrophic factor, whereas they do not express the inflammatory cytokine IFN-gamma. Recent evidence also suggests that Glatiramer acetate directly inhibits dendritic cells and monocytes - both of which are circulating antigen presenting cells. (en)
http://linked.open...drugbank/packager	AstraZeneca Inc. Astrazeneca uk ltd Atlantic Biologicals Corporation Axcan Pharma Inc.
http://linked.open...y/drugbank/patent	http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/patent/2191088 http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/patent/5981589
http://linked.open.../drugbank/synonym	COP-1 (en) Copolymer-1 (en) Copoylmer 1 (en)
http://linked.open...drugbank/toxicity	Adverse reactions include injection site reactions, vasodilatation, chest pain, asthenia, infection, pain, nausea, arthralgia, anxiety, and hypertonia. (en)
http://linked.open...ynthesisReference	Tsung-Yu Hsiao, Meng-Fen Ho, "Synthesis of Glatiramer Acetate." U.S. Patent US20100036092, issued February 11, 2010. (en)
foaf:page	http://www.drugs.com/cdi/glatiramer.html http://www.rxlist.com/cgi/generic/glatiramer.htm
http://linked.open...Molecular-Formula	http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/property/271B3F40-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
http://linked.open.../Molecular-Weight	http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/property/271B3F3F-363D-11E5-9242-09173F13E4C5
http://linked.open...l/drug/hasATCCode	Glatiramer acetate
http://linked.open.../affectedOrganism	Humans and other mammals (en)
http://linked.open...casRegistryNumber	147245-92-9 (en)
http://linked.open...drugbank/category	(en)
http://linked.open...gbank/containedIn	Copaxone 20 mg injection kit Phenytoin sod ext 100 mg capsule

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