About: Dihydrocodeine

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An Entity of Type : http://linked.opendata.cz/ontology/drugbank/Drug, within Data Space : linked.opendata.cz associated with source document(s)

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http://linked.open...gbank/description	Dihydrocodeine is an opioid analgesic used as an alternative or adjunct to codeine to treat moderate to severe pain, severe dyspnea, and cough. It is semi-synthetic, and was developed in Germany in 1908 during an international search to find a more effective antitussive agent to help reduce the spread of airborne infectious diseases such as tuburculosis. It was marketed in 1911. [Wikipedia] (en)
http://linked.open...generalReferences	1. Ammon, Susanne, et al. "Pharmacokinetics of dihydrocodeine and its active metabolite after single and multiple oral dosing." British journal of clinical pharmacology 48.3 (1999): 317-322. 2. Rowell, F. J., R. A. Seymour, and M. D. Rawlins. "Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral dihydrocodeine and its acid metabolites." European journal of clinical pharmacology 25.3 (1983): 419-424. 3. Schmidt, H., et al. "The role of active metabolites in dihydrocodeine effects." International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics 41.3 (2003): 95-106. (en)
http://linked.open...gy/drugbank/group	approved (en) experimental (en) illicit (en)
http://linked.open...drugbank/halfLife	4h (en)
http://linked.open...ugbank/indication	Dihydrocodeine is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including post-operative and dental pain [2]. It can also be used to treat chronic pain [1], breathlessness and coughing. In heroin addicts, dihydrocodeine has been used as a substitute drug, in doses up to 2500mg/day to treat addiction. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2014322/] (en)
sameAs	Dihydrocodeine
Title	Dihydrocodeine (en)
adms:identifier	http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB01551/identifier/chemspider/4447600 http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB01551/identifier/drugbank/DB01551 http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB01551/identifier/kegg-compound/C08024 http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB01551/identifier/kegg-drug/D01481 http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB01551/identifier/pharmgkb/PA449322 http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB01551/identifier/pubchem-compound/5284543 http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB01551/identifier/pubchem-substance/46506478 http://linked.opendata.cz/resource/drugbank/drug/DB01551/identifier/wikipedia/Dihydrocodeine
http://linked.open...mechanismOfAction	Dihydrocodeine is metabolized to dihydromorphine -- a highly active metabolite with a high affinity for mu opioid receptors. [3] (en)
http://linked.open...drugbank/packager	A-S Medication Solutions LLC Boca Pharmacal Baxter healthcare corp anesthesia critical care Akorn inc Baxter healthcare corp anesthesia and critical care Actavis Group Ivax pharmaceuticals inc sub teva pharmaceuticals usa Apotex Inc. Atlantic Biologicals Corporation Aurobindo Pharma Ltd. Boca Pharmacal Cardinal Health
http://linked.open...outeOfElimination	Renal elimination and urinary excretion. [1] (en)
http://linked.open.../drugbank/synonym	DHC (en) Remedacen (en)
http://linked.open...umeOfDistribution	The disposition of dihydrocodeine is described as a two compartment model. [2] (en)
http://linked.open...k/foodInteraction	Alcohol may enhance CNS depressant effects (en)
http://linked.open.../drugbank/mixture	Centussin DHC Donatuss DC J-Max DHC Panlor DC POLY HIST DHC Poly-Tussen Ex Synalgos Synalogos Trezix
http://linked.open...ogy/drugbank/salt	(en)
http://linked.open...ynthesisReference	Igor Likhotvorik, "Preparation of dihydrocodeine from codeine." U.S. Patent US06887999, issued May 03, 2005. (en)
foaf:page	http://www.drugs.com/international/dihydrocodeine.html
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http://linked.open...ugbank/absorption	Bioavailability is low (approximately 20%) if administered orally. This may be due to poor gastrointestinal absorption. It is also likely due to pre-systemic metabolism by the liver and intestinal wall. [2] The AUCs after oral and intravenous administration are similar (3203ug/l/h and 3401ug/l/h, respectively). [2] Time to peak values are 1.6 and 1.8hours for a 30mg and 60mg dose, respectively. The concentrations achieved were 71.8 ug/1 and 146 ug/1, respectively. [2] (en)
http://linked.open...casRegistryNumber	125-28-0 (en)
http://linked.open...drugbank/category	(en)
http://linked.open...rugbank/clearance	Plasma clearance is approximately 300ml/min. [2] The pharmacokinetics of dihydrocodeine and active metabolite dihydromorphine have been reported to be linear. [1] The decline in plasma dihydrocodeine concentrations after intravenous administration has been described as bi-exponential, with a sleep decline in the initial 2h following administration, followed by a mono-exponential decline thereafter. Clearance was not dose dependent. [2] (en)
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