About: Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity Pathway

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Attributes	Values
rdf:type	Class
rdfs:label	Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity Pathway
rdfs:subClassOf	Immune Response Regulation Pathway
Semantic_Type	Functional Concept
Preferred_Name	Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity Pathway
UMLS_CUI	C2984255
KEGG_ID	hsa04650
ALT_DEFINITION	Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes of the innate immune system that are involved in early defenses against both allogeneic (nonself) cells and autologous cells undergoing various forms of stress, such as infection with viruses, bacteria, or parasites or malignant transformation. Although NK cells do not express classical antigen receptors of the immunoglobulin gene family, such as the antibodies produced by B cells or the T cell receptor expressed by T cells, they are equipped with various receptors whose engagement allows them to discriminate between target and nontarget cells. Activating receptors bind ligands on the target cell surface and trigger NK cell activation and target cell lysis. However Inhibitory receptors recognize MHC class I molecules (HLA) and inhibit killing by NK cells by overruling the actions of the activating receptors. This inhibitory signal is lost when the target cells do not express MHC class I and perhaps also in cells infected with virus, which might inhibit MHC class I expression or alter its conformation. The mechanism of NK cell killing is the same as that used by the cytotoxic T cells generated in an adaptive immune response; cytotoxic granules are released onto the surface of the bound target cell, and the effector proteins they contain penetrate the cell membrane and induce programmed cell death.KEGG
FULL_SYN	Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicityPTKEGG Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity PathwayPTNCI NK Cell CytotoxicitySYNCI
code	C91442
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