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| http://linked.open...gbank/description
| - An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor responses. [PubChem] (en)
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| http://linked.open...y/drugbank/dosage
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| http://linked.open...generalReferences
| - # Dreifuss FE, Penry JK, Rose SW, Kupferberg HJ, Dyken P, Sato S: Serum clonazepam concentrations in children with absence seizures. Neurology. 1975 Mar;25(3):255-8. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1089913 # Robertson MD, Drummer OH: Postmortem drug metabolism by bacteria. J Forensic Sci. 1995 May;40(3):382-6. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7782744 # Rosen GM, Turner MJ 3rd: Synthesis of spin traps specific for hydroxyl radical. J Med Chem. 1988 Feb;31(2):428-32. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2828624 # Rosen GM, Demos HA, Rauckman EJ: Not all aromatic nitro compounds form free radicals. Toxicol Lett. 1984 Aug;22(2):145-52. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6089382 # Earley JV, Fryer RI, Ning RY: Quinazolines and 1,4-benzodiazepines. LXXXIX: Haptens useful in benzodiazepine immunoassay development. J Pharm Sci. 1979 Jul;68(7):845-50. "Pubmed":http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/458601 (en)
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| http://linked.open...gy/drugbank/group
| - approved (en)
- illicit (en)
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| http://linked.open...drugbank/halfLife
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| http://linked.open...ugbank/indication
| - Clonazepam is used as an anticonvulsant in the treatment of the Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (petit mal variant), akinetic and myoclonic seizures. It can also be used for the treatment of panic disorders. (en)
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| Title
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| adms:identifier
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| http://linked.open...mechanismOfAction
| - Allosteric interactions between central benzodiazepine receptors and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors potentiate the effects of GABA. As GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, this results in increased inhibition of the ascending reticular activating system. Benzodiazepines, in this way, block the cortical and limbic arousal that occurs following stimulation of the reticular pathways. (en)
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| http://linked.open...drugbank/packager
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| http://linked.open...outeOfElimination
| - Clonazepam is highly metabolized, with less than 2% unchanged clonazepam being excreted in the urine. Metabolites of Klonopin are excreted by the kidneys. Clonazepam also undergoes acetylation via NAT2. (en)
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| http://linked.open.../drugbank/synonym
| - CLONAZEPAM (en)
- Clonazepamum (en)
- 5-(O-Chlorophenyl)-7-nitro-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one (en)
- 5-(2-Chlorophenyl)-7-nitro-1H-benzo[e][1,4]diazepin-2(3H)-one (en)
- 1,3-dihydro-7-Nitro-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-2H-1,4.benzodiazepin-2-one (en)
- 5-(2-Chloro-phenyl)-7-nitro-1,3-dihydro-benzo[e][1,4]diazepin-2-one (en)
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| http://linked.open...drugbank/toxicity
| - Somnolence, confusion, coma, and diminished reflexes. The most commonly reported adverse event when clonazepam is used for seizure disorders is CNS depression. LD50, oral, rats = >15000 mg/kg. (en)
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| http://linked.open.../drug/hasAHFSCode
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| http://linked.open...k/foodInteraction
| - Avoid alcohol. (en)
- Take without regard to meals. (en)
- Avoid excessive quantities of coffee or tea (Caffeine). (en)
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